04 - Neoplasia Flashcards
Hypertrophy
adaptation defined by increase in size of cell. May enlarge whole organ.
Hyperplasia
defined by increase in number of cells in a tissue or organ
Hamartoma
a developmental malformation consisting of a disorganized mass of tissue native to the site. A hamartoma stops growing when the host stops growing
Metaplasia
an adaptation defined by substitution of one type of “adult” cell for another
Dysplasia
a change in cell differentiation and morphology such that the atypical cells show loss of uniformity, abnormal cell to cell orientation, and loss of maturity
-oma
Suffix “oma” alone – indicates a benign neoplasm.
Sarcoma
a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal origin (from mesoderm)
Carcinoma
indicates a malignant neoplasm of epithelial origin (from ectoderm or endoderm).
“adeno”
indicates neoplasm is derived from a gland.
a. Adenoma – indicates a benign epithelial neoplasm derived from glandular tissue.
b. Adenocarcinoma – indicates a malignant epithelial neoplasm with origin from a gland
Papillo
indicates a surface growth having finger-like projections
Cyst
indicates growth has a cavity lined by epithelium
Fibrous tissue
Fibroma
Fibrosarcoma
Myxomatous tissue
Myxoma
Myxosarcoma
Cartilage tissue
Condroma
Chondrosarcoma
Renal tubule adenoma
Benign tumor of renal parenchyma/tubular epithelium
Renal cell carcinoma
Malignant tumore of renal parenchyma/tubular epithelium
Liver cell adenoma
Benign tumor of liver parenchyma (hepatocytes)
Heptocellular carcinoma
Malignant tumor of liver parenchyma (hepatocytes)
Nevus
Benign tumor of Neuroectoderm (melanocytes)
Melanoma
Malignant tumor of Neuroectoderm (melanocytes)
Hydatidiform mole
Benign tumor of Placental epithelium (trophoblasts)
Choriocarcinoma
Malignant tumor of Placental epithelium (trophoblasts)
Seminoma
Malignant tumor of Testicular epithelium (germ cells)
Embryonal carcinoma
Malignant tumor of Testicular epithelium (germ cells)
Example of a mixed neoplasm, derived from one germ layer, composed of more than one morphilogical cell type
Pleomorphic adenoma
Malignant mixed tumor
Wilms tumor
Pleomorphic adenoma
Benign tumor of Salivary glands
Malignant mixed tumor
Malignant tumor of
Wilms tumor
Malignant tumor of Renal anlage
Example of a teratogenous neoplasm, derived from totipotential cells
Benign cystic teratoma Immature teratoma (teratocarcinoma)