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Ancient Indian History > 04. Later Rig Vedic Period > Flashcards

04. Later Rig Vedic Period Flashcards

Learn the social political economic and cultural scenarios in the later rig Vedic civilization

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1
Q

What is the political authority of a king?

A

Monarchy - Unlimited power

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2
Q

Reasons for rise in monarchy

A

Samithi declined

Sabha - easily controlled by king and later abolished

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3
Q

What are the four types of yagas the kings performed

A

Rajasuya
Vajapeya
Aswamedha
Naramedha

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4
Q

What is the sequence the king performing yagas

A

Common king - 1) Rajasuya

Common king becomes rajanya

Rajanya performs 2) Vajapeya

Then performs 3) Aswamedha

Rajanya become Samrat - emperor

Emperor is the Lord and becomes powerful

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5
Q

Which was the only yaga not performed in the Vedic Culture

A

Naramedha

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6
Q

Which king of which dynasty performed the naramedha yaga?

A

Madhava Varma of the Vishnukundali Dynasty in Andhra History

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7
Q

Who collected the mandatory taxes in the later rig Vedic period

A

Bhagadugha

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8
Q

Who collected the voluntary tax in the later rig Vedic period

A

Balisadhaka

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9
Q

Accounts officer who looked after gambling

A

Akshavapa

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10
Q

a poet, traditionally one reciting epics and associated with a particular oral tradition.

A poet and a singer of epics

In Sanskrit and English

A

Suth

Bard

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11
Q

What is the actual name and other names of Mahabharata

A

जयसंहिता Jayasamhita (collection of Victories)

Shata (100)
Sahasra (1000)
Samhitam (collection)
Because of the 100,000 shlokas (couplets)

Aka Panchama Vedam

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12
Q

What is the exact tax portion for bagha in the later rig vedic period

A

1/6 or 16.66% of the total crop production

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13
Q

What social system was introduced to initiate and maintain the chaturvanrna system in the later rig vedic period?

A

Varnashrama Dharma

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14
Q

What are the different dharmas under the varnashrama dharma?

A
  1. Brahmacharya
  2. Gruhasthya
  3. Vanaprastha
  4. Sanyasa
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15
Q

Where is varnashrama dharma mentioned in?

A

Jabala Upanishads

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16
Q

What is the schooling dharma in varnashrama dharma

A

Brahmacharya

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17
Q

What is the marriage dharma called

A

Gruhasthya

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18
Q

What is the forest living dharma called

A

Vanaprastha

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19
Q

What is the enlightenment dharma known as

A

Sanyasa

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20
Q

What were the dharmas eligible for the following varnas to follow

  1. Brahmins
  2. Kshatriya
  3. Vyshyas
  4. Sudras
A
  1. All 4 (but nobody really followed the 4 dharma)
  2. All the 3 except sanyasa

3 2 except sanyasa and vanaprastha

  1. None. They didn’t qualify
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21
Q

What is untouchability

A

A social stigma (social atrocities) shown by so called human beings to another human being in the form of physical distance and staying away from their close proximity

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22
Q

What are the two types of rig vedic marriage systems

And name the children born to them

A
  1. Aniloma

Male upper class + Female lower class
= Vrathya

  1. Prathiloma

Male lower class + female upper
= Chandola

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23
Q

What are the meanings of gotra

A
  1. Cow shed

2. Moola purush of a vansha

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24
Q

Main objective of Gotra system

A
  1. Protect holiness of blood

2. Regulate varnanthara marriages

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25
Q

What did Gotra system give rise to?

A

Gave the opportunity for the upper class people to act as lords

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26
Q

What are the three upper class called with regards to rebirth

A

Dvija

Ja = birth

Dvija = 2 births

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27
Q

the sacred thread worn (over the left shoulder and hanging under the right) by boys and men of the three द्विज (dvija, “twice-born”) castes.

A

यज्ञोपवीत• (yajñopavītá) n.

Yagnopavitham

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28
Q

Situation of women in the later rig vedic period

A

Freedom taken away

Polygamy

Polyandry

Dowri (Sthri Dhan)

Sati (Mostly only among Bhramins)

Restriction on widows

Girl child abortion

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29
Q

What was the major economic change in the later rig vedic period and when

A

Usage of iron since 1000 BC

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30
Q

What was the other name for iron

A

Syama Ayas’ in the Yajurveda and ‘Krishna Ayas’ in the Brahmanas

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31
Q

Flow of the dependence on Sudras (economic, iron)

A

Iron available for low prices

Drastic increase in agriculture

Sudras became agriculturalists and producers

The other three varnas started depending on sudhras to get work done.

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32
Q

What is known as the 2nd age of urbanization

A

Later rig vedic period is know as the 2nd town planning system

33
Q

Why was LRVC called the second town planning system?

A

High agriculture

Surplus production

Increased investments

Trade and commerce developed

Town and cities developed which lead to urbanization

34
Q

What where the traders and handloom weavers association collectively referred to as

A

Sreni system or the guild system

35
Q

Other name for traders association and it’s head

A

Merchant Guild

Head: Sresti

36
Q

Head of handloom weavers association

A

Jestaka

37
Q

The dharma limitations is the guild system

A

Sreni Dharma

They decided
What to produce
The quality
Prices

Like the local head of the local market

38
Q

Later rig Vedic pottery is known as

A

PGW - Painted Grey Ware

39
Q

IVC pottery is known as

A

BPW - Black Polished Ware

40
Q

PGWs were also known as in vedic literature

A

Neela - lohita

41
Q

What was the major change in the religious structure in the later vedic phase?

A

Increased yagas and yagnas

increased the importance of purohiths

brahmins started controlling the religion

rig vedic religion turns to brahminical religions

42
Q

what were the early rig vedic gods replaced by

A

Brahma
Vishnu
Maheshwara

43
Q

Another name for Maheshwara and why

A

siva - were commonly used by non brahmins

44
Q

who is the god of agriculture, birds, animals, marriages, etc.

A

Pusan

45
Q

who is the god of wealth

A

Kubera

46
Q

what is other name for kubera

A

nara-vahanadattha

47
Q

two people who fought for power in the later rig vedic period

A

Brahmins and Kshatriyas

48
Q

what was the result of the atrocities and corruption in the brahminical religion

A

revolution reformation giving rise to Buddhism and Jainism

49
Q

What were the major categories of Vedic Literature

A

Sruthi

Smruthi

50
Q

what were part of sruthi

A

Rig
Saman
Yajur
Atharva

51
Q

what was part of sruthi

A

Rig
Saman
Yajur
Atharva

52
Q

What was part of smruthi

A 
Brahmanas
Aranyakas
upanishads
vedangas
4 upa vedas
sutras
53
Q

What was the literary style of rig veda

A

poetic

54
Q

how many shlokas in rig veda

A

1025

55
Q

how many mandals

A

8 (2-9)

1 & 10 belong to the later rig vedic period

56
Q

main theme of rig veda

A

praying to the various energy forms found in nature

57
Q

brahmin who specializes in Rig Veda is called

A

Hotri

58
Q

What is the content of Samavedam

A 
ragam
arohanam
avrohanam
meter
ragas
origin of indian music traditions
59
Q

Brahmin who specializes in Samaveda

A

Udgatar

60
Q

content of Yajurveda

A

how to perform yagas and yagnas

61
Q

brahmin who specializes in yajurveda

A

adhvaryu

62
Q

what is the theme of atharva veda

A

black magic

63
Q

what were the main reason atharva veda was included as part of the vedas?

A

ganithasastra - indian mathematics
rekhaganitham - geometry
ayurveda

64
Q

there were no brahmin specialization for atharva veda because

A

it was initially part of the non aryan communities

65
Q

theme of kathopanishad

A

death

66
Q

upanishad composed by yagnavalkya

A

brihadaranyaka

67
Q

upanishad that deals with creation

A

ishopanishad

68
Q

upanishad about krishna’s childhood

A

chandogya upanishad

69
Q

upanishad about siva

A

swetha swatharopanishad

70
Q

upanishad about parvati

A

kenopanishad

71
Q

indian slogan in which upanishad

A

Satyameva Jayathe in mundaka upanishad

72
Q

what are the 6 links/organs of vedas known as

A

ved-angas

73
Q

what are the 6 vedangas

A
  1. Etimology - Niryuktha
  2. Phonetics - siksha
  3. Chants - arohanams and avarohanam
  4. Vyakaranam
  5. Ritual - Kalpa
  6. Astronomy - Jyotish
74
Q

most important among vedangas

A

Kalpa

75
Q

3 parts of kalpa vedanga

A
  1. gruha sutra: dharma sutra

2. srutha sutra: yagas of society - ashwamedha vajapeya etc.

76
Q

importance of gruha sutra

A

origination of nyaya sastram - judiciary system

77
Q

4 sub vedas knows as

A

upa vedas

78
Q

what are the 4 upa vedas

A
  1. ayurveda (Body)
  2. silpa (sculpture and art)
  3. dhanurveda (archery)
  4. gandharva (music)

Ancient Indian History (4 decks)

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