030615 eye Flashcards
Peter’s anomaly-pathology?
endothelium and Descemet’s membrane do not form correctly (fluid isn’t removed from the cornea efficiently, leading to opacity)
Fuch’s corneal dystrophy
dyxfxn of corneal endothelial cells w growth of Descemet’s membrane “bumps”
loss of endo causes fluid accumulation and hazy cornea
rubella cataract
caused by maternal infection by rubella
infection of lens fiber cells as lens is formed (lens cells retain nucleus and organelles, leading to cataract)
salt and pepper appearance
rubella retinopathy
congenital rubella infec signs
sensorineural deafness
eye abnormalities
congnital heart disease
retinitis pigmentosa
caused by abnormalities in photoreceptors or RPE, causing breakdown of retinal cells
15% of all retinitis pigmentosa are due to
mutation in rhodopsin
rhodopsin
light sensitive receptor protein in rods
made of opsin and retinal
dry age related macular degen
degeneration of RPE
accumulation of drusen excrescenses
eventually, loss of RPE causes loss of photoreceptors
wet age related macular deg
blood vessels from choroidal layer invade disrupted Bruch’s membrane (inner layer of choroid), causing bleeding in outer layers of retina
disruption of normal retina architecture leads to loss of photoreceptors and RPE
retinopathy of prematurity
abnormal development of vasculature of retina in babies born pre-term
if untreated, retina will detach, causing blindness
what happens to avascular retina in retinopathy of prematurity
it is waiting for normal vessels to arrive, so it secretes Vgef, causing abnormal growth of vessels
diabetic retinopathy
pericyte loss in retinal capillaries
weak vessels bleed in retina
underperfused areas secrete Vgef, etc—retinal detachment
central retinal artery occlusion
causes: atherosclerosis of carotid, embolism
retinoblastoma
cancer of immature retinal cells
