Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

5PHH GCSE Physics AGR > 03 Waves, Sound and EM Spectrum > Flashcards

03 Waves, Sound and EM Spectrum Flashcards

1
Q

What is the use of UV radiation?

A

produced by tanning bed lights to tan skin

used to detect conterfeit money

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Give three properties (features) common to all EM waves

A

They all…

travel at the speed of light

all transverse waves

all transfer energy and information without transferring matter

all travel through a vacuum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which wave has the largest wavelength?

A

wave 1

largest distance between adjacent crests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How can you make a transverse wave with a slinky?

A

Move your hand in a side to side movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

List the EM spectrum in order of decreasing frequency

A

Gamma

X-ray

UV

Visible

IR

Microwave

Radio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is wavespeed, wavelength and frequency related?

A

wavespeed = wavelength x frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Label the compressions, rarefactions and wavelength on the longitudinal wave below

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is 204 nm in m?

A

204 x 10-9 m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can you make a longitudinal wave with a slinky?

A

move your hand in a forwards and backwards movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How would you measure the frequency of waves passing a jetty?

A

Time how long it take for 10 waves to pass the end of the jetty

frequency = 10 waves / time for 10 waves to pass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fred noticed that 10 waves passed a point in 5 seconds. What is the frequency of the wave?

A

frequency = 10 waves/ 5 s

= 2 Hz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is 700 micrometres in metres?

A

700 x 10-6 m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fred noticed that 10 waves passed a point in 5 seconds. What is the period of the wave?

A

Time period = 5 seconds / 10 waves

= 0.5 seconds for one wave to pass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which wave has the largest amplitude?

A

wave 2

It has the largest displacement from the equilibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the unit for time period?

A

seconds or s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the unit for amplitude?

A

metres (m) or decibels(dB)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What has a larger wavelength?

Infrared or gamma?

A

Infrared

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Match the following terms with their definition

A

frequency- the number of waves going past in one second

wavelength- the length of one repeat of the wave pattern

wave speed- how far a wave travels in one second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why are UV waves dangerous?

A

They can damage the retina and damage eye sight

They can cause skin cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the use of microwaves?

A

produced by microwaves to cook food

produced by mobile phones to communicate

Produced by satellites to send signals to satellite dishes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

Where the oscillation is 90° to the direction of wave travel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How do the waves of red light differ from waves of violet light

A

ROY G BIV

Red light-larger wavelength and lower frequency- it has less energy

Blue light- smaller wavlength and higher frequency- it has more energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the uses of infrared radiation (IR)

A

emitted by ovens to cook food

emitted by radiators to heat houses

emitted by tv controllers to control t.v.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency of a wave?

A

As wavelength increases, frequency decreases

They are inversely proportional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the use of X-rays?
Used to detect breaks in bones used to detect crystal structure in salts
26
List the EM spectrum in order of increasing frequency
Radio Microwave IR Visible UV X-ray Gamma
27
What is 13 kHz in Hz?
13 x 103 Hz
28
What is the relationship between time period and frequency?
time period = 1 / frequency or frequency = 1 / time period
29
List the EM spectrum in order of decreasing wavelength
Radio Microwave IR Visible UV X-ray Gamma
30
How is gamma radiation dangerous?
It can cause mutations in cells- cancer
31
How are X-rays dangerous?
They can cause mutations of cells- cancer
32
Which parts of the EM spectrum is considered to be dangerous?
UV X-ray Gamma
33
Label the wavelength, amplitude, crest and trough of the transverse wave below
34
How is infrared dangerous?
It can cause skin burns if too hot
35
What is a longitudinal wave?
Where the oscillation is along OR parallel to the direction of wave travel.
36
Give three examples of a longitudinal wave
sound shock wave P wave
37
What are the uses of radio waves?
radio signal for radio radar walkie talkie signals t.v. signals
38
What are the uses of gamma radiation?
Used to kill cancer tumours used to sterilise medical equipment emitted by radioisotope tracers to detect cancer in the body
39
How do you calculate the frequency of a water wave?
frequency = number of waves/ time for those waves to pass a point
40
What does monochromatic mean?
Light of a single wavelength or colour.
41
What is 100 MHz in Hz?
100 x 106 Hz
42
What is the unit for wavelength?
metre or m
43
Give three examples of a transverse wave
water wave radio, microwave, IR, UV, X ray, Gamma Seismic S wave
44
List the EM spectrum in order of increasing wavelength
Gamma X-ray UV Visible IR Microwave Radio
45
Which wave has the highest frequency?
wave 3 ## Footnote *it has more waves per second*
46
How are all the EM radiation different?
They have.... different wavelengths different frequencies therefore they have different uses and dangers
47
What is the unit for wavespeed?
metre per second or m/s
48
What is the use of visible light?
produced by light bulbs to see things produced by bioluminescent creature to attract prey
49
What is the unit for frequency?
Hertz or Hz
50
How is sound created?
sound is created by vibrations
51
List some properties of sound
1. it is a longitudinal wave 2. it is created by a vibration 3. it cannot travel through a vacuum 4. it can travel through a solid, liquid or gas 5. it can have different frequencies or pitch 6. it can be reflected and diffracted
52
How does speed of sound in air relate to temperature? Explain
As temperature of air increases, speed of sound decreases. Particles in warm air are more spread out and collisions between particles are more difficult
53
Sound is a series of compressions and rarefactions. How does the speed of sound compared in a solid, liquid and gas? Explain
Sound travel faster through a solid than a liquid and gas. Sound is a vibration which is transferred from particle to particle via collisions. Solid particles are closer together and have stronger forces between them- vibrations are passes between particles *_more efficiently_*
54
How can speed of sound **through air** be measured in a laboratory?
* connect **two microphones** to a **microsecond timer** * place the two microphones **2.00 metres** apart using two metre rules * place **padding under each microphone** to prevent sound travelling through the table * create a **sharp sound** behind the first microphone * **record the time** it takes for the sound to travel from microphone 1 to microphone 2 * **repeat five times** and **calculate the mean** time * calculate the speed of sound through air by s = 2.00 m / mean time
55
How can speed of sound through a **lab bench** be measured in a laboratory?
* connect **two microphones** to a **microsecond timer** * place the two microphones **face down on a lab bench** **2.00 metres apart** using two metre rules * create a **sharp tap** to the lab bench behind the first microphone * **record the time** it takes for the sound to travel from microphone 1 to microphone 2 * **repeat five times** and **calculate the mean** time * calculate the speed of sound through air by s = 2.00 m / mean time
56
How can speed of sound through air be measured in the playground?
* stand exactly 50.00 metres from a large wall of a building * strike two metal bars repeatedly until a ryhthm is set up and the metal bar is being hit together at the same time the echoes returns. * start the stopwatch on one strike and time 20 complete strikes. * This time is how long it take the sound to travel **_to and from_** the wall **_20 times_** or 100.00 x 20 = 2000 m * speed of sound is s = 2000 m / time
57
Speed of sound can be measured accurately using a stopwatch. If a starting pistol is used, the people timing must start the stopwatch when they **_see the smoke_** from the pistol and then stop it when they **_hear the sound_**. How can you ensure that the speed of sound is measured accurately and what assumption is made?
- **very large distances** must be used as human reaction time introduces large uncertainties in time measurements The assumption is that the light reaches the person immediately.
58
Bats locate their prey by echosounding. They use pulses of ultrasound and listen for the echo with their large ears. If the time between the pulse and echo is small, the insect is closer to the bat. Name another animal which uses echo sounding.
dolphins
59
When calculating the distance in an echosounding question, what is the most common error?
The distance calculated from the speed of sound and time for echo must be divided by two!
60
What is the human hearing range?
20 - 20 000 Hz
61
What is ultrasound?
Any sound over 20 000 Hz
62
Ultrasound is used to image babies in the womb. An image is formed on the screen if reflections are received from the different surfaces (layers) of the baby. How does the time for the reflection relate to the distance to the surface?
The further the surface is from the ultrasound transmitter/receiver, the longer it takes for the echo to return.
63
The distance to a storm can be calculated using the lightning seen and the thunder heard. What assumption is made in this calculation?
64
What is the amplitude of a sound wave measured in?
decibels Loudness or volume
65
If **low frequency** is **low pitch** sound. What is high frequency sound?
High frequency = high pitch
66
As the pitch of sound increases, what happens to the distance between the compressions?
distance between compressions decreases
67
What property of ultrasound allows it to be used for cleaning?
Ultrasound is a vibration, the vibrations loosen dirt in hard to reach areas.
68
What property of ultrasound allows it to be used to break up kidney stones?
Concentrated beams of ultrasound are absorbed by the kidney stone, vibrations occur in the kidney stone and this breaks it up into small pieces.
69
What type of wave is sound?
Longitudinal vibrations are parallel to direction of wave travel

5PHH GCSE Physics AGR (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions