03 Morphogenesis/Embryology

Question 0

Define alar plate.

Answer 0

The dorsal part of the neural tube that becomes the sensory part of the NS.

Question 1

Define basal plate

Answer 1

The ventral part of the neural tube that becomes the motor part of the NS.

Question 2

define floorplate

Answer 2

the ventral most part of the neural tube.

Question 3

Define notocord

Answer 3

The embryonic structure immediately ventral to the neural tube.

Question 4

Define BMP

Answer 4

Bone Morphogenic Protein, ectoderm manufactures this and its effect must be blocked in order to allow the neural tube to form. Once the neural tube is formed, promotes development of the dorsal aspect of the neural tube.

Question 5

Define TGF-beta

Answer 5

Transforming Growth Factor.
a family of compounds, including BMP, retinoic acid and dorsalin, that promote development of the dorsal side of the neural tube.

Question 6

define noggin and chordin

Answer 6

secreted by the basal plate and notochord. inhibit BMP to allow the neural tube to form, and also promote the development of the basal plate of the neural tube.

Question 7

define notch and numb

Answer 7

numb antagonizes notch effect on gene transcription. as long as notch is suppressed, the cell keeps replicating. when notch dominates, the cell stops dividing.

Question 8

define notch and delta

Answer 8

delta, expressed on a cell surface, interacts with notch on an adjacent cell, which inhibits delta expressin in that cell. results in adjacent cells having high levels of notch and low levels of delta. high notch results in a glioblast, high delta results in a neuroblast. therefore glia and neurons are intermixed.

Question 9

Define bHLH

Answer 9

basic helix loop helix genes. activation of these genes contributes to development of a neuron.

Question 10

how does brain development initially begin?

Answer 10

at 18 d, begins as an infolding of ectoderm on the dorsal aspect of the embryo.