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Society > 02.Salient Features of Indian Society > Flashcards

02.Salient Features of Indian Society Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Indian society characterized by?

A

Indian society is characterized by its multicultural, multi-ethnic, and multi-ideological constructs.

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2
Q

What is the guiding light for Indian society?

A

The guiding light for Indian society is the philosophy of “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam,” which means “the world is one family.”

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3
Q

Why is India known for its socio-cultural diversity?

A

India is known for its socio-cultural diversity because it has accommodated and integrated many communities over time.

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4
Q

What did Mark Twain say about India?

A

Mark Twain said that “India is the cradle of the human race” because of its rich socio-cultural history.

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5
Q

What are some of the traditional values of Indian society?

A

Some of the traditional values of Indian society include the spirit of tolerance and diversity.

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6
Q

What does the phrase “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” mean?

A

The phrase “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” means “the world is one family.”

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7
Q

How has India accommodated and integrated many communities?

A

India has accommodated and integrated many communities through its history of cultural exchange, trade, and migration.

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8
Q

What does Mark Twain’s quote about India mean?

A

Mark Twain’s quote about India means that India has a long and rich history that has shaped the development of human civilization.

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9
Q

How do traditional values influence Indian society?

A

Traditional values influence Indian society by providing a framework for social interactions and behavior.

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10
Q

What are some examples of Indian society’s multiculturalism?

A

Some examples of Indian society’s multiculturalism include its diverse religions, languages, and customs.

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11
Q

What is the nature of Indian society?

A

Indian society is a blend of traditional and modern elements.

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12
Q

What factors have contributed to the rise of modern thinking in India?

A

The spread of education, technological advances, and globalization have played a major role.

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13
Q

How is modernity evident in Indian society?

A

Modernity is evident in changes in food practices, dressing styles, language preferences, and the use of technology.

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14
Q

Despite the adoption of modern practices, what traditional elements persist in Indian society?

A

Traditional elements such as culture, spirituality, festivals, folk practices, customs, languages, simplicity, the pursuit of truth, universal tolerance, and acceptance are still alive in Indian society.

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15
Q

How does Indian society strike a balance between tradition and modernity?

A

Indian society embraces modern advancements while preserving its rich cultural heritage. This balance is a unique feature of Indian society.

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16
Q

What is the orientation of Indian society?

A

Indian society has a syncretic orientation, meaning it embraces multiple forms of belief and culture.

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17
Q

How has Indian society’s syncretic nature shaped its values and behavior?

A

The syncretic nature of Indian society has fostered core values of tolerance, acceptance, and adaptability.

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18
Q

How has Indian culture evolved over time?

A

Indian culture has evolved through a continuous process of absorption, acceptance, and adaptation, reflecting its dynamic nature.

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19
Q

What are examples of syncretism in Indian society?

A

Examples of syncretism in Indian society include the fusion of Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain traditions, and the blending of Persian and Indian architectural styles.

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20
Q

How does Indian society’s syncretic nature contribute to its resilience?

A

Indian society’s syncretic nature allows it to accommodate new ideas and influences while retaining its core identity, making it adaptable and resilient.

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21
Q

What does the term “dynamic” mean in the context of Indian society?

A

In the context of Indian society, “dynamic” means that it is constantly changing, evolving, and progressing.

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22
Q

How does Indian society demonstrate its dynamic nature?

A

Indian society demonstrates its dynamic nature through its willingness to embrace new technologies, ideas, and cultural influences while preserving its traditional values.

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23
Q

What are some examples of Indian society’s dynamic nature?

A

Examples of Indian society’s dynamic nature include the rapid adoption of technology, the emergence of new industries, and the rise of social movements.

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24
Q

How does Indian society balance its syncretic and dynamic nature?

A

Indian society strikes a balance between its syncretic and dynamic nature by embracing new ideas while maintaining its core values and cultural identity.

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25
Q

What is the significance of Indian society’s syncretic and dynamic nature?

A

Indian society’s syncretic and dynamic nature has contributed to its rich cultural heritage, adaptability, and resilience, making it a unique and vibrant society.

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26
Q

Is Indian society more spiritual or materialistic?

A

Indian society strives for a balance between spirituality and materialism.

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27
Q

What is the significance of the four Purusharthas in Indian society?

A

The four Purusharthas—Dharma (righteousness), Artha (prosperity), Kama (pleasure), and Moksha (liberation)—represent the balance between spiritual and materialistic pursuits in Indian society.

28
Q

How has the balance between spirituality and materialism changed over time in India?

A

While the importance of wealth and materialism has increased post-1991 reforms, Indian society still values spirituality and seeks a balance between the two.

29
Q

What are examples of spirituality in Indian society?

A

Examples of spirituality in Indian society include the prevalence of religious practices, the emphasis on meditation and yoga, and the pursuit of enlightenment.

30
Q

What are examples of materialism in Indian society?

A

Examples of materialism in Indian society include the rising consumerism, the focus on economic growth, and the pursuit of material success.

31
Q

What is the difference between individualism and collectivism?

A

Individualism emphasizes individual independence, self-reliance, and liberty, while collectivism prioritizes the group over individual interests.

32
Q

How does Indian society balance individualism and collectivism?

A

Indian society strikes a balance between individualism and collectivism by recognizing the importance of both individual autonomy and social harmony.

33
Q

What are examples of individualism in Indian society?

A

Examples of individualism in Indian society include the rise of entrepreneurship, the increasing emphasis on personal choice, and the celebration of individual achievements.

34
Q

What are examples of collectivism in Indian society?

A

Examples of collectivism in Indian society include the strong family ties, the emphasis on community responsibility, and the preference for consensus-based decision-making.

35
Q

How does the balance between individualism and collectivism contribute to Indian society’s resilience?

A

The balance between individualism and collectivism allows Indian society to adapt to changing circumstances while maintaining its core values and social cohesion.

36
Q

What is the percentage of the Indian population living in rural areas?

A

According to the 2011 census, approximately 78% of the Indian population lives in rural areas.

37
Q

What percentage of the rural population is engaged in agriculture and allied activities?

A

56.6% of the rural population is engaged in agriculture and allied activities.

38
Q

What is the caste system?

A

The caste system is a unique form of social stratification in India, characterized by hierarchical division and birth-based membership.

39
Q

Is the caste system still practiced in India?

A

Yes, despite constitutional prohibitions against caste discrimination, the caste system continues to influence Indian society.

40
Q

What are the challenges posed by the caste system?

A

The caste system perpetuates social inequality, limits opportunities, and hinders social mobility.

41
Q

What efforts are being made to address the caste system?

A

Various government initiatives, affirmative action programs, and social movements are working to combat caste discrimination and promote social equality.

42
Q

What are some of the challenges faced by rural Indian society?

A

Rural Indian society faces challenges such as poverty, inadequate infrastructure, limited access to education and healthcare, and agricultural dependence.

43
Q

What are some of the initiatives aimed at improving rural Indian society?

A

Government programs, such as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Programme (MGNREGA) and the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), focus on infrastructure development, poverty alleviation, and rural employment generation.

44
Q

What is the significance of agriculture in rural Indian society?

A

Agriculture plays a crucial role in rural Indian society, providing employment, livelihoods, and food security for a significant portion of the population.

45
Q

What are the prospects for rural Indian society?

A

With continued economic growth, technological advancements, and targeted government interventions, rural India holds the potential for increased prosperity and improved quality of life for its inhabitants.

46
Q

What is a patriarchal society?

A

A patriarchal society is one in which men hold primary power and authority in various aspects of life, including political leadership, moral authority, property rights, and decision-making.

47
Q

Is Indian society patriarchal?

A

Yes, Indian society is largely patriarchal, with men dominating positions of power and influence.

48
Q

What are some of the manifestations of patriarchy in Indian society?

A

Manifestations of patriarchy in Indian society include:

Gender-based discrimination and violence
Unequal access to education and employment opportunities
Male dominance in family decision-making and property inheritance
Limited representation of women in political leadership

49
Q

What are the challenges posed by patriarchy in Indian society?

A

Patriarchy poses significant challenges to Indian society, including:

Gender inequality and social injustice
Impediments to women’s empowerment and progress
Obstacles to achieving gender equality and inclusive development

50
Q

What efforts are being made to address patriarchy in India?

A

Various initiatives are underway to address patriarchy in India, including:

Legal reforms aimed at protecting women’s rights and promoting gender equality
Educational programs to raise awareness about gender issues and challenge gender stereotypes
Empowerment programs to support women’s economic and social participation
Social movements advocating for gender justice and women’s rights

51
Q

What is a multi-ethnic society?

A

A multi-ethnic society is one characterized by the presence of diverse ethnic groups with distinct cultural identities, languages, and traditions.

52
Q

Is Indian society multi-ethnic?

A

Yes, Indian society is a vibrant tapestry of diverse ethnic groups, each with its unique cultural heritage.

53
Q

What factors have contributed to India’s multi-ethnic diversity?

A

India’s multi-ethnic diversity stems from various factors, including:

Geographical location at the crossroads of ancient trade routes
A long history of migration, invasion, and cultural exchange
The presence of multiple indigenous communities with distinct ethnic identities

54
Q

What are the benefits of a multi-ethnic society?

A

A multi-ethnic society offers a wealth of benefits, including:

Cultural richness and diversity
Cross-cultural exchange and understanding
Innovation and creativity stemming from diverse perspectives

55
Q

What are the challenges faced by multi-ethnic societies?

A

Multi-ethnic societies can face challenges related to:

Managing cultural differences and fostering social cohesion
Addressing issues of discrimination and prejudice based on ethnic identity
Ensuring equitable representation and participation of all ethnic groups

56
Q

What is a unique feature of Indian society?

A

Unity in diversity is a unique feature of Indian society.

57
Q

What is meant by “unity in diversity”?

A

Unity in diversity means that despite the vast cultural, religious, and linguistic diversity in India, the country remains united and cohesive.

58
Q

How has India maintained unity despite its diversity?

A

India has maintained unity through various factors, including:

Shared historical and cultural heritage
Common values such as tolerance, pluralism, and respect for diversity
Strong democratic institutions and processes
A sense of national identity that transcends regional and religious differences

59
Q

What are some examples of India’s unity in diversity?

A

Examples of India’s unity in diversity include:

The celebration of a multitude of festivals from different religions and cultures
The prevalence of multilingualism across the country
The peaceful coexistence of diverse communities
The active participation of people from all walks of life in the political and social spheres

60
Q

What are some threats to India’s unity in diversity?

A

Some potential threats to India’s unity in diversity include:

Communalism and religious polarization
Regionalism and linguistic chauvinism
Societal inequalities and discrimination based on caste, gender, or religion
Political extremism and divisive ideologies

61
Q

What role does education play in promoting unity in diversity?

A

Education plays a crucial role in promoting unity in diversity by:

Instilling knowledge of India’s rich cultural heritage and diversity
Fostering values of tolerance, empathy, and respect for different perspectives
Promoting intercultural understanding and communication
Preparing individuals to become responsible and inclusive citizens

62
Q

What role can individuals play in promoting unity in diversity?

A

Individuals can play a significant role in promoting unity in diversity by:

Embracing their own unique identities and respecting the identities of others
Engaging in open-minded dialogue and cross-cultural interactions
Challenging stereotypes and prejudices based on diversity
Promoting inclusive practices and policies in their communities
Celebrating the diversity of India’s cultural heritage

63
Q

What are some examples of India’s contributions to global unity in diversity?

A

India has made significant contributions to global unity in diversity through its:

Active participation in international organizations and initiatives promoting peace, tolerance, and understanding
Emphasis on the principles of non-alignment and peaceful coexistence
Promotion of cultural exchange and dialogue through various platforms
Sharing of its rich cultural heritage and philosophical traditions with the world

64
Q

What is the significance of unity in diversity for India’s future?

A

Unity in diversity is essential for India’s future prosperity and development. It allows the country to harness the strength of its diverse population, foster innovation and creativity, and achieve its full potential as a global leader.

65
Q

How can India continue to strengthen its unity in diversity?

A

India can continue to strengthen its unity in diversity by:

Promoting inclusive education and empowerment for all sections of society
Addressing social inequalities and discrimination
Fostering interfaith dialogue and understanding
Celebrating the diversity of India’s cultural heritage
Upholding democratic values and ensuring equal participation for all

Society (4 decks)

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