02 Photosynthesis and respiration Flashcards
Where do plants get most of their “stuff” to make wood (and food)?
The air (carbon dioxide)
What is light?
- Radiant energy
- Light is composed of photons
- the particle that represents a form of energy
Van Helmont’s experiments on plant growth
- Weighed potted plants and soil before and after plant growth
- Concludes that plants don’t grow from feeding on soil
Ingenhousz’s photosynthesis experiment
- Put leaves under water in sealed bottles
- Exposed to light
- Concludes that oxygen released from plants in the presence of light during photosynthesis
Test for oxygen
- A glowing splint
- Forms a flame
- In the presence of oxygen
Julius Sachs photosynthesis experiments
- Used a starch test on leaves
- Fount that starch was present in leaves exposed to sunlight
- Concludes that starch is produced by leaves after photosynthesis
Where does photosynthesis take place?
In the chloroplasts of plant cells
The green pigment required for photosynthesis in plants
Chlorophyll
The way carbon dioxide enters leaves
- Tiny pores on the leaves
- Called stomata
- They can open and close according to the plants needs
The importance of photosynthesis
- Energy to sustain life.
- Energy in an ecosystem is linked to food, because energy is stored in food compounds inside plants and animals.
- Without photosynthesis, there would be no beginning to the food chain
Chemical reactants for photosynthesis
- Carbon dioxide
- Water
Physical requirements for photosynthesis
- Sunlight (radiant energy)
- Chloroplasts
Chemical products of photosynthesis
- Oxygen
- Glucose (stored as starch)
Word equation for photosynthesis
Main steps to test a leaf for starch
- Squash the leaf
- Boil in water
- Double boil in alcohol
- Rinse the leaf
- Test the leaf for starch
Chemical used to test for starch
Iodine solution
Positive vs negative starch test
Positive = blue/black
Negative = light brown
A main structural component of plants
Cellulose
Respiration
Process in cells where glucose is broken down and energy is released.
Chemical reactants of respiration
- Glucose
- Oxygen
Chemical products of respiration
- Carbon dioxide
- Water
- ATP (energy)
Organisms that do respiration
- Animals
- Plants
- Bacteria
- (all living organisms)
The test for carbon dioxide
- Lime water turns milky in the presence of CO2
- Calcium hydroxide reacts with CO2 to produce calcium carbonate (a white solid).
Two or more things that depend on each other
Interdependent
A substance that takes part in a chemical reaction
Reactant
A short representation of a chemical reaction
Chemical equation
