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D2: 619 EBD II > 02: Hujoel Article > Flashcards

02: Hujoel Article Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the Primary author of the article?

A

Hujoel

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2
Q

What is the Name of the Article

A

Dental Flossing and Interproximal Caries: a Systematic Review

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3
Q

What type of Study was Conducted

A

Systematic Review

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4
Q

Abstract: What was the primary goal of the research?

A

To systematically assess the effect of flossing on INTERPROXIMAL caries risk

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5
Q

How many subjects were in the study?

A

808

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6
Q

What were the age ranges of the patients in the study?

A

4-13 Year

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7
Q

How many trials were completed?

A

6

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8
Q

When professional flossing was performed on school days for 1.7 years, what type of risk reduction was discovered?

A

40%

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9
Q

What is relative risk?

A

The probability of an event happening to an exposed group/ The probability of the event happening to non-exposed people

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10
Q

Can you give an example of RR?

A

Yes Lung Cancer is Smokers vs. Lung Cancer in Non-Smokers

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11
Q

Say that 20 of 100 smokers had lung cancer and 2 of 100 smokers had lung cancer. What would the relative risk of getting lung cancer be in smokers vs. non-smokers?

A

(20/100)/(2/100) = .2/.02 = 10

Smokers are 10 times more likely to get lung cancer

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12
Q

What information in the abstract tells us that results might show bias?

A

Professional flossing reduces caries risk, but unsupervised home flossing does not

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13
Q

According to research done in 1989 what is true about biofilm found in interproximal areas compared to other locations in the mouth?

A

It is more acidogenic

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14
Q

What was the hypothesis?

A

Dental Flossing reduces interproximal caries risk

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15
Q

What treatment comparisons were included?

A

Flossing v. No Flossing

Comparisons of different frequencies of flossing

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16
Q

What was the primary study outcome?

A

The measure of caries incidence

17
Q

What databases were consulted for the search?

A

MEDLINE

Cochrane

18
Q

What bit of information might have added some bias in terms of blinding?

A

The author states that blinding of the care provider and the subject was not applicable to our research question

19
Q

In forest plots, how is the weight of each study determined?

A

By using the inverse of the variance

20
Q

On average, what is the biggest determining factor in terms of how much weight a study receives

A

Its size

21
Q

What do the horizontal lines on the forest plot indicate?

A

The 95% confidence interval

22
Q

What is the vertical line in the forest plot?

A

The line of no effect

23
Q

In Risk Ratios, the line of no effect is placed at a value of “1”. When would it be “0”?

A

When the results are a product of mean difference

24
Q

What do the peaks of the “Meta” diamond indicate?

A

The point estimate

25
Q

How can you tell if the results of a meta analysis are significant just by looking at the forest plot?

A

If the diamond (CI) crosses the line of no effect it means that the results are NOT significant

26
Q

What is heterogeneity

A

Differences between studies that are not due to chance….apples vs. oranges

27
Q

What is clinical heterogeneity

A

Differences in patients, study settings, interventions/outcomes This heterogeneity is impossible to eliminate

28
Q

What is statistical heterogeneity

A

When individual trial have results that aren’t in sync with each other

29
Q

What is blinding?

A

Keeping people unaware of treatment group assignment after randomization

30
Q

Who in blinded in a single blinded test?

A

Patient only

31
Q

Who is blinded in a double blind study?

A

Patient and Researchers

32
Q

Who is blinded in a triple blind study

A

Patient
Researchers
Stats Assessor and assistants

33
Q

What was the clearly focused question in the review?

A

Does flossing help reduce the incidence of interproximal caries?

34
Q

CASP 2: Did the authors look for the right type of papers

A

Yes. They searched for RCT that fit their hypothesis criteria

35
Q

CASP 3: Do you think all of the important, relevant studies were included?

A

Yes. The databases used were solid and they explained the search parameters

36
Q

CASP 4: Did the authors do enough to assess the quality of the included studies?

A

Yes. The authors explained that the results reporting was typically poor and that there was evidence of bias

37
Q

CASP 6: What were the overall results of the review?

A

That flossing showed a RR of 0.86 or 14% lower rate of interproximal caries with flossing

38
Q

How are the CI’s?

A

variable

39
Q

Can the results be applied to the local population?

A

Yes, but the study was performed on kids, not adults

D2: 619 EBD II (2 decks)

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