02 Health Care System Flashcards
an arrangement of parts , and their interconnections come together for a purpose
system (Bertalanffy, 1968)
mechanism that mobilizes/governs medical institutions
health care system
combination of resources, organization, and management that culminate in the delivery of health services to the population
health care system (roemer, 1991)
defined as all organizations, institutions, and resources that are devoted to producing health actions
health care system (WHO, 2004)
any effort, whether personal or public, whose primary purpose is to improve health
health actions
goals of a health system
improving the health of the population
improving the responsiveness of the health system to the population it serves
providing fair health financing
this is the overarching goal of the health system
improving the health of the population
TRUE OR FALSE: the health system should strive for equality in health by minimizing inequitable disparities
FALSE; equity
this refers to the provision of satisfactory health services and engaging people as active partners
responsiveness
an ideal health system provides ______ and ______ risk protection in health
social and financial
this is one that does not deter individuals from receiving needed care due to payments
financed health system
functions of a health system
health service provision
health service inputs
stewardship
health financing
types of health financing
revenue collection
risk pooling
strategic purchasing
types of risk pooling models
bismarck model
beveridge model
any service aimed at improving the health of the population
health service
the most visible product of the health care system
public and private health service provision
this refers to preventive measures as well as promotion of a healthy way of living to avoid illnesses
health service
health service inputs is aka…
managing resources
the assembling of essential resources for delivering health services
health service inputs
generating the essential physical resources for the delivery of health services which include medications, human resources, and medical equipment
health service inputs
this sets the direction, context, and policy framework for the health system
stewardship
core stewardship functions include
identifying health priorities for allocation of public resources
identifying an institutional framework
coordinating activities with other systems related to external healthcare
analyzing health priorities and resource generation trends and their implications
generating appropriate data for effective decision-making and policymaking in health matters
this includes raising and pooling resources to pay for health services
health financing
entails monetary collection to pay for health services including general taxation, direct out-of-pocket expenditures, personal savings, etc.
revenue collection
a form of risk management which aims to spread financial risks from an individual to all pool members
risk pooling
this is considered as a core function of health insurance companies
risk pooling
this uses an insurance system where the sickness fund finances both the employers and the employees through payroll deduction
bismarck model
insurers in bismark model are called…
sickness funds
bismarck model is named after who
Prussian Chancellor Otto von Bismarck
this model is where healthcare is provided and funded by the government thru tax payments
beveridge model
beveridge model is named after…
William Beveridge
risk pooling organizations uses collected funds and pooled financial resources to finance healthcare services for the members
strategic purchasing
this raises sufficient and sustainable revenues in an efficient and equitable manner to provide individuals with both a basic package of essential services and financial protection
revenue collection
this manages revenues to equitably and efficiently pool health risks
risk pooling
this assures the purchase of health services in an allocatively and technically efficient manner
strategic purchasing
Health System building blocks of the health system framework
service delivery
health workforce
information
medical products. vaccines, and technologies
financing
leadership/governance
overall goals/outcomes of the WHO health system framework
improved health (level and equity)
responsiveness
social and financial risk protection
improved efficiency
those which deliver effective, safe, quality personal and non-personal health interventions to those who need them when needed, with minimum waste of resources
service delivery
one which works in ways that are responsive, clear, and efficient to achieve the best health outcomes possible
health workforce
one that ensures the production, analysis, dissemination, and use of reliable and timely information on health determinants, health systems performance, and health status
information
ensure equitable access to essential medical products, vaccines, and technology of assured quality, safety, efficacy and cost-effectiveness, and their scientifically sound and cost-effective use
medical products, vaccines, and technologies
raises adequate funds for health, in ways that ensure people can use needed services and are protected from financial catastrophe or impoverishment associated with having to pay for them
financing
ensures strategic policy frameworks exist and are combined with effective stewardship
leadership and governance
this law developed a largely centralized gov-funded and operated health care system
Primary Health Care for All (1970)
promoted participatory management of the local health care system
Adoption of the Primary Health Care (1979)
integrated public health and hospital services
Reorganization of DOH (1982)
prevention and nutrition to promote breastfeeding
Milk Code of 1986
prescriptions are written using the generic name of the drug in an attempt to lower expenditure
The Generics Act 1988
transfer of responsibility of health service provisions to the LGUs
The Local Government Code 1991 (RA 7160)
aims to provide all citizens a mechanism for financial protection with priority given to the poor
National Health Insurance Act (1995)
what year was PhilHealth established
1995
major organizational restructuring of the DOH to improve health care delivery, regulation, and financing
Health Sector Reform Agenda (1996)
