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Aim Higher Physics IGCSE > 01 Waves Basics and EM Spectrum 3rd Form > Flashcards

01 Waves Basics and EM Spectrum 3rd Form Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the use of UV radiation?

A

produced by tanning bed lights to tan skin

used to detect conterfeit money

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2
Q

Give three properties (features) common to all EM waves

A

They all…

travel at the speed of light

all transverse waves

all transfer energy and information without transferring matter

all travel through a vacuum

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3
Q

Which wave has the largest wavelength?

A

wave 1

largest distance between adjacent crests

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4
Q

How can you make a transverse wave with a slinky?

A

Move your hand in a side to side movement

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5
Q

List the EM spectrum in order of decreasing frequency

A

Gamma

X-ray

UV

Visible

IR

Microwave

Radio

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6
Q

How is wavespeed, wavelength and frequency related?

A

wavespeed = wavelength x frequency

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7
Q

Label the compressions, rarefactions and wavelength on the longitudinal wave below

A
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8
Q

What is 204 nm in m?

A

204 x 10-9 m

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9
Q

How can you make a longitudinal wave with a slinky?

A

move your hand in a forwards and backwards movement

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10
Q

How would you measure the frequency of waves passing a jetty?

A

Time how long it take for 10 waves to pass the end of the jetty

frequency = 10 waves / time for 10 waves to pass

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11
Q

Fred noticed that 10 waves passed a point in 5 seconds. What is the frequency of the wave?

A

frequency = 10 waves/ 5 s

= 2 Hz

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12
Q

What is 700 micrometres in metres?

A

700 x 10-6 m

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13
Q

Fred noticed that 10 waves passed a point in 5 seconds. What is the period of the wave?

A

Time period = 5 seconds / 10 waves

= 0.5 seconds for one wave to pass

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14
Q

Which wave has the largest amplitude?

A

wave 2

It has the largest displacement from the equilibrium

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15
Q

What is the unit for time period?

A

seconds or s

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16
Q

What is the unit for amplitude?

A

metres (m) or decibels(dB)

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17
Q

What has a larger wavelength?

Infrared or gamma?

A

Infrared

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18
Q

Match the following terms with their definition

A

frequency- the number of waves going past in one second

wavelength- the length of one repeat of the wave pattern

wave speed- how far a wave travels in one second

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19
Q

Why are UV waves dangerous?

A

They can damage the retina and damage eye sight

They can cause skin cancer

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20
Q

What is the use of microwaves?

A

produced by microwaves to cook food

produced by mobile phones to communicate

Produced by satellites to send signals to satellite dishes

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21
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

Where the oscillation is 90° to the direction of wave travel

22
Q

How do the waves of red light differ from waves of violet light

A

ROY G BIV

Red light-larger wavelength and lower frequency- it has less energy

Blue light- smaller wavlength and higher frequency- it has more energy

23
Q

What are the uses of infrared radiation (IR)

A

emitted by ovens to cook food

emitted by radiators to heat houses

emitted by tv controllers to control t.v.

24
Q

What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency of a wave?

A

As wavelength increases, frequency decreases

They are inversely proportional

25
Q

What is the use of X-rays?

A

Used to detect breaks in bones

used to detect crystal structure in salts

26
Q

List the EM spectrum in order of increasing frequency

A

Radio

Microwave

IR

Visible

UV

X-ray

Gamma

27
Q

What is 13 kHz in Hz?

A

13 x 103 Hz

28
Q

What is the relationship between time period and frequency?

A

time period = 1 / frequency

or

frequency = 1 / time period

29
Q

List the EM spectrum in order of decreasing wavelength

A

Radio

Microwave

IR

Visible

UV

X-ray

Gamma

30
Q

How is gamma radiation dangerous?

A

It can cause mutations in cells- cancer

31
Q

How are X-rays dangerous?

A

They can cause mutations of cells- cancer

32
Q

Which parts of the EM spectrum is considered to be dangerous?

A

UV

X-ray

Gamma

33
Q

Label the wavelength, amplitude, crest and trough of the transverse wave below

A
34
Q

How is infrared dangerous?

A

It can cause skin burns if too hot

35
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

Where the oscillation is along OR parallel to the direction of wave travel.

36
Q

Give three examples of a longitudinal wave

A

sound

shock wave

P wave

37
Q

What are the uses of radio waves?

A

radio signal for radio

radar

walkie talkie signals

t.v. signals

38
Q

What are the uses of gamma radiation?

A

Used to kill cancer tumours

used to sterilise medical equipment

emitted by radioisotope tracers to detect cancer in the body

39
Q

How do you calculate the frequency of a water wave?

A

frequency = number of waves/ time for those waves to pass a point

40
Q

What does monochromatic mean?

A

Light of a single wavelength or colour.

41
Q

What is 100 MHz in Hz?

A

100 x 106 Hz

42
Q

What is the unit for wavelength?

A

metre or m

43
Q

Give three examples of a transverse wave

A

water wave

radio, microwave, IR, UV, X ray, Gamma

Seismic S wave

44
Q

List the EM spectrum in order of increasing wavelength

A

Gamma

X-ray

UV

Visible

IR

Microwave

Radio

45
Q

Which wave has the highest frequency?

A

wave 3

it has more waves per second

46
Q

How are all the EM radiation different?

A

They have….

different wavelengths

different frequencies

therefore they have different uses and dangers

47
Q

What is the unit for wavespeed?

A

metre per second or m/s

48
Q

What is the use of visible light?

A

produced by light bulbs to see things

produced by bioluminescent creature to attract prey

49
Q

What is the unit for frequency?

A

Hertz or Hz

50
Q

What type of wave is sound?

A

Longitudinal

vibrations are parallel to direction of wave travel

Aim Higher Physics IGCSE (6 decks)

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