01. WATER AND PH

Question 1

Body weight:

% dry body weight

Answer 1

40%

Question 2

Body weight:

% water

Answer 2

60%

Question 3

Body weight:

% intracellular water

Answer 3

40% (2/3 of water)

Question 4

Body weight:

% extracellular water

Answer 4

20% (1/3 of water)

Question 5

Body weight:

% interstitial fluid

Answer 5

15%

Question 6

Body weight:

% blood plasma (intravascular)

Answer 6

5%

Question 7

Water is a _______

- a molecule with electrical charge distributed assymetrically about its structure

Answer 7

Dipole

Question 8

hydrogen atoms

Answer 8

more positive

Question 9

unpaired electrons

Answer 9

more negative

Question 10

acts as both an acid and a base

Answer 10

amphoteric

WATER IS AMPHOTERIC

Question 11

has hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts

Answer 11

ampiphatic

Question 12

water is amphoteric therefor it can dissociate into:

Answer 12

hydronium and hydroxide ions

Question 13

what is the normal ph of blood?

Answer 13

7.41

Question 14

acids are

Answer 14

proton donors

Question 15

bases are

Answer 15

proton acceptors

Question 16

acids:
H+
pH
pKa

Answer 16

high H+
low pH
low pKa

Question 17

bases:
H+
pH
pKa

Answer 17

low H+
high pH
high pKa

Question 18

causes of HAGMA

Answer 18

high anion gap metabolic acidosis
MUDPILES

methanol
uremia
DKA
paraldehyde and propylene glycol
isoniazid
lactic acidosis (sepsis, shock)
ethylene glycol
salicylates

Question 19

henderson-hasselbalch equation

Answer 19

used to calculate concentration of a weak acid (HA) and it’s conjugate base (A-)

used for predicting distribution of drugs

Question 20

buffers

Answer 20

weak acid and conjugate base that can resist a change in pH

Question 21

maximum ubffering occurs at

Answer 21

+/- 1 pH unit from pKa

Question 22

physiologic buffers

Answer 22

bicarbonate
proteins
orthophosphate

Question 23

most important extracellular physiologic buffer

Answer 23

bicarbonate

Question 24

most important intracellular physiologic buffer

Answer 24

proteins