01. WATER AND PH Flashcards
Body weight:
% dry body weight
40%
Body weight:
% water
60%
Body weight:
% intracellular water
40% (2/3 of water)
Body weight:
% extracellular water
20% (1/3 of water)
Body weight:
% interstitial fluid
15%
Body weight:
% blood plasma (intravascular)
5%
Water is a _______
- a molecule with electrical charge distributed assymetrically about its structure
Dipole
hydrogen atoms
more positive
unpaired electrons
more negative
acts as both an acid and a base
amphoteric
WATER IS AMPHOTERIC
has hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts
ampiphatic
water is amphoteric therefor it can dissociate into:
hydronium and hydroxide ions
what is the normal ph of blood?
7.41
acids are
proton donors
bases are
proton acceptors
acids:
H+
pH
pKa
high H+
low pH
low pKa
bases:
H+
pH
pKa
low H+
high pH
high pKa
causes of HAGMA
high anion gap metabolic acidosis
MUDPILES
methanol uremia DKA paraldehyde and propylene glycol isoniazid lactic acidosis (sepsis, shock) ethylene glycol salicylates
henderson-hasselbalch equation
used to calculate concentration of a weak acid (HA) and it’s conjugate base (A-)
used for predicting distribution of drugs
buffers
weak acid and conjugate base that can resist a change in pH
maximum ubffering occurs at
+/- 1 pH unit from pKa
physiologic buffers
bicarbonate
proteins
orthophosphate
most important extracellular physiologic buffer
bicarbonate
most important intracellular physiologic buffer
proteins
