01 - pruritic skin diseases of the horse

Question 1

(parasitic disorders)

(mites)

(chorioptic mange - leg mange)

1. caused by what mite?
2. transmission?
3. Cx?
4. dx?
5. tx?

Answer 1

1. chorioptes equi
2. direct contact
3. pruritis/papular eruptions onf fetlocks and pasterns (2° pyoderma common)
4. Cx, scrapings
5. lime sulfur, ivermectin, abx

Question 2

(parasitic disorders)

(mites)

(sarcopic mange)

1. caused by?
2. REPORTABLE
3. Cx?
4. tx?

Answer 2

1. sarcoptes scabiei var. equi mite
2. VERY pruritic (intense tial and mane pruritis)
3. systemic: ivermectin and lime sulfur

Question 3

(parasitic disorders)

(mites)

(psoroptic mange)

1. pruritic dermatitis or pruritic otitis
2. non-burrowing mites, live on skin surface under crusts
3. begins where?
4. tx?

Answer 3

3. mane and tail - can become generalized
4. ivermectin

Question 4

(parasitic disorders)

(pediculosis - lice)

1. are lice species specific?

Answer 4

1. YES!!!

Question 5

(parasitic disorders)

(pediculosis - lice)

(anoplura)

1. haematopinus ansini - aka?
2. favor what areas?

Answer 5

1. sucking louse
2. mane, tail, fetlock

Question 6

(parasitic disorders)

(pediculosis - lice)

(mallophaga)

1. bovicola equi - aka?
2. prefer what location on horse?

Answer 6

1. biting louse
2. dorsolateral trunk

Question 7

(parasitic disorders)

(pediculosis - lice)

1. transmitted how?
2. Cx consistent with what two things?
3. easily dx how?

Answer 7

1. direct contact
2. pruritis and chronic self-trauma
3. direct visualization or tape cyto

Question 8

(parasitic disorders)

(pediculosis - lice)

1. tx?

Answer 8

1. good nutrition, avoid overcrowding

most parasiticides will kill lice

Question 9

(parasitic disorders)

(culicoides hypersensitivity)

1. very common
2. what type of hypersensitivity?
3. occur seasonally
4. lesions secondary to what?
5. dx?
6. tx?

Answer 9

2. type 1
3. pruritis
4. Cx, intradermal allergy testing
5. stable mgmt, prevent exposure

Question 10

(atopy)

1. hereditary
2. assoc wth production of what type of antibodies?
3. what type of hypersensitivity?
4. not well documented in horse
5. development of Cx require a second exposure (the challenge) following the initial exposure (sensitization)

Answer 10

2. IgE
3. type 1

Question 11

(atopy)

1. Cx?
2. most lesions secondary to what?

Answer 11

1. seasonal or non-seasonal prurities
2. self-trauma

Question 12

(atopy)

(dx)

1. what is the hallmark of this disease?
2. this is a dx of exclusion

Answer 12

1. pruritis

Question 13

(atopy)

(tx)

1. avoid allergen
2. hyposensitivtion vx
3. what drug can be helpful if used correctly?

Answer 13

3. corticosteroids

(also antihistamines, fatty acids)

Question 14

(food allergy)

1. not well documented in horse
2. rest the same as in dog

Question 15

(focal ventral midline dermatitis)

1. occurs in spring to fall
2. what fly causes?
3. well-dermarcated area of lichenification, ulceration, crusts around the umbilicus
4. dx = hx and cx
5. tx = treat 2° infections, prevent fly exposure

Answer 15

2. haemotaboia spp = horn fly (biting flies)