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Dental IPAP 3-17 > 01 Oral Anatomy > Flashcards

01 Oral Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the junction between the skin of the face and mucous membrane of the mouth called?

A

Vermilion Border

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2
Q

What type of epithelium is found at the Vermilion Border?

A

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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3
Q

What is the protein called that is found at the vermilion boarder and how is it different than Keratin?

A

Eleidin

More transparent than Keratin

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4
Q

What is the name of the ectopic sebaceous glands found at the vermilion border of the corners of the mouth and laterally in the cheeks opposite the molar teeth?

A

Fordyce Granules

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5
Q

Name the Types of Oral Mucosa and %’age of total each make up?

A

Masticatory Mucosa: 25%
Lining Mucosa: 60%
Specialized Mucosa: 15%

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6
Q

Which type of mucosa consists of Free, attached, and interdental gingiva and the hard palate?

A

Masticatory Mucosa

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7
Q

Which Mucosa is the primary mucosa to be in contact with food during mastication?

A

Masticatory Mucosa

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8
Q

Which mucosa is usually keratinized/Parakeratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium?

A

Masticatory Mucosa

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9
Q

Which mucosa covers the floor of the mouth, ventral aspect of tongue, alveolar mucosa, cheeks, lips and soft palate?

A

Lining Mucosa

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10
Q

Which mucosa has no function in mastication and therefore has minimal attrition, usually Non-keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium; soft and pliable?

A

Lining Mucosa

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11
Q

Which mucosa covers the dorsal aspect of the tongue?

A

Specialized Mucosa

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12
Q

Which mucosa is composed of cornified/non-cornified epithelial papillae?

A

Specialized Mucosa

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13
Q

Which mucosa has a Lamina Propria that is loose connective tissue w/collagen bundles, Mucous and Serous Glands, and Fordyce Spots?

A

Lining Mucosa

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14
Q

Which mucosa has a Variable Lamina Propria?

A

Masticatory Mucosa

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15
Q

Which gingiva is Not Stippled and Keratinized Stratified Squamous?

A

Free Gingiva

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16
Q

Which gingiva is Stippled and Keratinized Stratified Squamous?

A

Attached Gingiva

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17
Q

What binds the Free Gingiva on the inner margin and separates it from the tooth?

A

Gingival Sulcus

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18
Q

What is the Free Gingiva bound to on its outer margin and apical margin?

A

Outer Margin: Oral Cavity

Apically: Free Gingival Groove

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19
Q

Attached Gingiva is separated from the alveolar mucosa by what?

A

Mucogingival junction (Groove)

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20
Q

The Attached Gingiva is attached to the tooth by what?

A

Junctional epithelium (at the neck of the tooth)

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21
Q

Alveolar Mucosa which is connected to the alveolar bone of the jaw is made up of what type of epithelium?

A

Non-Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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22
Q

Name the three parts of the tongue and the two surfaces?

A 
3 Parts
-Oral (Anterior 2/3)
-Pharyngeal (Posterior 1/3)
-Root (Base)
2 Surfaces
-Dorsal Surface 
-Ventral Surface
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23
Q

What is made up of striated muscles covered w/mucous membrane and divided into right and left halves by a median septum?

A

Tongue

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24
Q

What is significant of the Anterior two-thirds of the tongue?

A

Rough Mucosa w/ 4 types of papillae

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25
Q

name the 4 different types of papillae?

A

Filliform
Fungiform
Vallate
Foliate

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26
Q

The posterior one-third has no papillae but the surface is nodular for what reason?

A

Underlying Lymphatic Nodules

Lingual Tonsils

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27
Q

What are the two types of muscle the tongue is composed of?

A

Intrinsic

Extrinsic

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28
Q

Which type of tongue muscle has no bony attachment, confined to the tongue, and consists of longitudinal, transverse, vertical fibers?

A

Intrinsic Muscles

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29
Q

What is the function of the Intrinsic Muscle of the tongue?

A

Alter the shape of the tongue

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30
Q

What muscles are included in the Extrinsic Muscles?

A

Palatoglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus

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31
Q

What is the function of the Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue?

A

Help with movements of the tongue

32
Q

The extrinsic muscles connect the tongue to what?

A

Surrounding Structures:

  • Soft Palate
  • Bones (Mandible, Hyoid Bone, Styloid Process)
33
Q

What are the movements of the tongue?

A

Protrusion
Retraction
Depression
Elevation

34
Q

Which extrinsic muscle is responsible for protrusion of the tongue?

A

Genioglossus (both sides acting together)

35
Q

Which extrinsic muscle is responsible for retraction of the tongue?

A

Styloglossus and Hyoglossus (both sides acting together)

36
Q

Which extrinsic muscles are responsible for depression of the tongue?

A

Hyoglossus and Genioglossus (Both sides acting together)

37
Q

Which extrinsic muscles are responsible for Elevation of the tongue?

A

Styloglossus and Palatoglossus (both sides acting together)

38
Q

What is the name of the arteries that supply to tongue with blood?

A

Lingual Artery Branches

  • Dorsal Lingual Arteries (Posterior tongue)
  • Deep Lingual Artery (Anterior, communicates with dorsal arteries at the apex)
39
Q

What is the name of the vein that drains the tongue into the internal jugular vein?

A

Lingual Veins

40
Q

What nerve provides general sensations to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Lingual Nerve

41
Q

What nerve provides special sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Chorda Tympani

42
Q

What nerve provides general and special sensation to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

43
Q

What nerve provides general and special sensations to the base of the tongue?

A

Internal Laryngeal Nerve

44
Q

What motor nerve innervates the Intrinsic Muscles?

A

Hypoglossal Nerve

45
Q

What motor Nerve supplies the extrinsic muscles, except the palatoglossus?

A

Hypoglossal Nerve

46
Q

What motor nerve innervates the extrinsic muscle palatoglossus?

A

Vagus Nerve

47
Q

Which Lymph nodes drain the tip of the tongue?

A

Submental nodes bilaterally and then deep cervical nodes

48
Q

Which Lymph nodes drain the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Submandibular unilaterally and then deep cervical nodes

49
Q

Which Lymph nodes drain the Posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

Deep Cervical Nodes (Jugulodigastric)

50
Q

What is the most important function of the tongue?

A

Articulator for SPEECH Production

51
Q

What is the secondary function of the tongue?

A

Taste

52
Q

What are the four main tastes?

A

Bitter, Sour, Salty, and Sweet

53
Q

What are the little red dots, raised bumps on the tongue (particularly at the front)?

A

Taste Papillae (Fungiform)

54
Q

What are the names of the different papillae?

A

Fungiform
Foliate
Circumvallate
Non-gustatory filiform

55
Q

What are the collection of cells on these papillae?

A

Taste buds

56
Q

Which Salivary gland is the largest, produces Serous saliva and ptyalin-starches, and provides 30% of saliva,

A

Parotid Gland

57
Q

Which salivary gland consists of two lobes (superficial and deep), mixed secretion (mucous and serous) with 60% production, Salivary amylase?

A

Submandibular

58
Q

The Parotid Gland and Submandibular Gland are attached to which ducts?

A

Parotid: Parotid Duct
Submandibular: Submandibular Duct

59
Q

Which salivary gland is the smallest, produces mostly mucous, 5% of saliva?

A

Sublingual

60
Q

What is the name of the duct the Sublingual gland drains into?

A

Rivinus (8-20 ducts)

61
Q

Which cranial nerve innervates the Tear, nasal, and Salivary Glands?

A

Facial Nerve (VII)

62
Q

Which Cranial Nerve innervates the Parotid Salivary Gland?

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)

63
Q

What forms the floor of the nasal cavity and roof of the oral cavity?

A

Hard Palate

64
Q

What forms the hard palate?

A
  • Palatine Processes (maxillae front)
  • Horizontal Plates of Palatine Bones (behind)
  • Bounded by Alveolar Arches
65
Q

The undersurface of the hard palate is covered by what?

A

Mucoperiosteum (Shows transverse ridge in anterior part)

66
Q

The soft palate (upper and lower surfaces) are covered by what?

A

Mucous Membrane

67
Q

The Soft palate is composed of what?

A 
Muscle Fibers
Aponeurosis
Lymphoid Tissue
Glands
Blood Vessels 
Nerves
68
Q

Name the four Paired Muscles of Mastication?

A

Masseter
Temporalis
Medial (Internal) Pterygoid
Lateral (External) Pterygoid

69
Q

What is the function of the Masseter Muscle?

A

Elevates the Mandible superficial (Crushing, grinding, chewing)

70
Q

What is the function of the Temporalis Muscle?

A

Elevates and retracts the mandible (largest, light chewing force)

71
Q

What is the function of the Medial Pterygoid Muscle?

A

Elevation, protrusion and lateral shift of the mandible (Heavy Chewing Forces)

72
Q

What is the function of the Lateral Pterygoid Muscle?

A

Protrusion/retrusion/depression of mandible

73
Q

Premature contracting of the lateral Pterygoid Muscle causes what?

A

TMJ Shifting

74
Q

Which muscles serve as a contractile “hammock” in which the mandible rests?

A

Masseter and Medial Pterygoid

75
Q

All Muscles of Mastication are innervated by which nerve?

A

V3 of the Trigeminal Nerve

Dental IPAP 3-17 (2 decks)

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