01 - Animal Tissues

Question 1

What are the 4 main types of animal tissues

Answer 1

Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue

Question 2

4 examples for Simple epithelia

Answer 2

Simple squamous epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 3

Speciality of simple squamous epithelia and its examples

Answer 3

Thin and leaky, found where materials exchange by diffusion
Ex. Blood capillaries and alveoli

Question 4

Features of simple cuboidal epithelium and examples

Answer 4

Dice shaped cells specialized for secretion
Ex. Kidney tubules, thyroid gland, Salivary gland

Question 5

Single called, and large brick shaped

Answer 5

Places where secretion and active absorption is important
Ex. Intestinal lining

Question 6

Importance of pseudostratified coloumnar epithelium and examples

Answer 6

Ciliated cells that form a mucus membrane and the cilia help to sweep mucus along the surface

Question 7

Example of Compound epithelia and its features and location

Answer 7

Stratified squamous epithelium
Number of layers of cells that regenerate rapidly
Found on surfaces that are subjected to abrasion
Ex. Outer skin, lining of mouth, anus, vagina

Question 8

Different types of cells that can be found in the matrix of connective tissues and their function?(5)

Answer 8

Fibroblasts (Secrete fiber proteins)
Macrophages (engulf foreign particles or cell Debris by phagocytosis)
Mast cells (secrete heparin and histamine)
Fat cells (Storage and insulation)
Leukocytes (Protection)

Question 9

What are the three different types of fibers?

Answer 9

Collagen fibers (Provide strength and flexibility)
Reticular fibers (Join connective tissues and adjacent tissues)
Elastic fibers (make tissues elastic)

Question 10

General functions of connective tissues (4)

Answer 10

Binding and structural support
Protection
Transport of materials
Insulation

Question 11

What are the different types of connective tissues? (6)

Answer 11

Loose connective tissue (Areolar tissue)
Fibrous connective tissue
Adipose tissue
Blood tissue
Cartilage
Bone

Question 12

What is the most widely distributed connective tissue in vertebrate body and functions and location

Answer 12

All types of cells and fibers are found here
Binds epithelia to underlying tissue
Holds organs in place
Found under skin and throughout the body

Question 13

Functions of fibrous connective tissue and locations

Answer 13

Densely packed with collagen fibers
Matrix is reduced and contains lesser cells
Found in tendons and ligaments

Question 14

Adipose tissues and it’s functions

Answer 14

Packed with adipose cells and each adipose cell contains a large fat droplet which pads and insulates the body
Stores fuel and fat molecules
Found under the skin that acts and thermal insulator and energy store.

Question 15

Contents of blood Plasma and functions of blood?

Answer 15

Salts,water, WBC, RBC and platelets
Involve in transport of materials, defense and osmoregulation.

Question 16

Details about cartilage and location

Answer 16

Tissue consists of a matrix composed of chondroitin sulphate
And collagen fibers and chondrocytes and embedded in the matrix
Chondrocytes secrete chondroitin sulphate and collagen fibers.
It provides support and flexibility in places such as trachea and intervertebral disks

Question 17

Constituents of bone matrix and salts?

Answer 17

Bone matrix consists of collagen fibers, salts such as Calcium, magnesium and phosphate ions

Question 18

What are osteoblasts and what are osteocytes?
And what are the repeating units?

Answer 18

Osteoblasts - Bone forming cells
Osteocytes - Mature bone cells that maintain bone tissue (enclosed within lacunae

Osteons are the repeating units

Question 19

Describe smooth muscles

Answer 19

Spindle shaped and uninucleated
Involve in involuntary body functions
Found in digestive tract, urinary bladder, arteries and other internal organs

Question 20

Describe skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 20

Composed of bundles of long cells with multi nuclei and striated
Contractile units know as sarcomeres
Involves in voluntary body movements

Question 21

Describe cardiac muscle tissue
And what does intercalated disks do?

Answer 21

Uninucleated cells interconnected via intercalated discs that helps to relay signals from cell to cell and synchronize heart contractions.
Striated with sarcomeres

Question 22

What do neurons and Neuroglial cells do?

Answer 22

Neurons receive process and transmit nerve impulses
Neuroglial cells are supportive cells that nourish, insulates, replenish and sometimes modulate neurons functions.

Question 23

Parts of the neuron and function

Answer 23

Neuron is the basic structural unit of nervous system.
Dendrites and cell body is used to receive nerve impulses from other neurons
Axon is used to transmit impulses to other neurons, cells or muscles.