01 - acute renal failure

Question 1

(acute renal failure)

1. abrupt cessation of renal function…

results in accumulation of nitrogenous wastes

fluid imbalances

electrolyte imbalances

Question 2

(acute renal failure)

1. results in azotemia… which is elevation of what?

Answer 2

1. BUN and serum creatinine

Question 3

1. prerenal azotemia = ?
2. renal azotemia = ?
3. postrenal azotemia = ?

Answer 3

1. decreased kidney perfusion
2. primary kidney malfunction
3. blockage of urine excretion

Question 4

(causes of equine azotemia)

1. most common cause of azotemia in horses?

Answer 4

1. hemodynamic causes (ie dehydration)

(additional causes -> acute tubular necrosis (ATN) due to renal toxins)

also progression of prerenal-induced ishemic tubular damage

Question 5

What are the 5 causes of prerenal azotemia?

Answer 5

acute enteritis, colic, prolonged exercise, acute blood loss, cardiac insuff

Question 6

what tx will correct prerenal azotemia?

Answer 6

replacement of plasma volume

(if you have ATN plus prerenal azotemia -> will often get pulmonary edema or peripheral edema once fluids have been replaced)