01 Flashcards
What is the fluid of choice for hypokalemia, hypochloremic metabolic ALKalosis?
normal saline 0.9% NaCl
what is NS 0.9% good for replacing
GI losses
hypokalemia assoc with metabolic alkalosis
what are 5% and 25% dextrose good for replacing
hypoglycemic states
in what patient population do you NEVER say to put vaseline in the nose after epistaxis?
patients who wear oxygen (they’ll catch on fire)
bird and bat poop in river valley areas causes what fungal disease
Histoplasmosis
WHEN histoplasmosis shows symptoms, what might they be?
F/C, gross wet cough, mouth ulcers, joint pains
what causes acute pulmonary eosinophilia? (nonspecific symptoms)
certain drugs, parasitic infx, nickel, blood transfusion
how do you treat acute pulmonary eosinophilia?
abx, steroids
what lung disease is caused by inhaling fungus in desert soil?
coccidiodomycosis
how do you treat pulmonary actinomycosis
PCN
how do you treat coccidomycosis
nothing but amphotericin B if bad
how do you treat pulmonary asbestosis
supportive
a patient with a long-standing history of dysphagia, refractory heartburn, chest pain, and food impaction - what should you consider, esp if a white male with allergies?
Eosinophilia esophagitis
you see leukocoria on a newborn exam. what do you worry about?
retinoblastoma
what does pasireotide (signifor) do?
it’s a somatostatin analog, thus inhibits ACTH leading to less cortisol
what is a normal fetal HR?
110-160
what range is suspicious tachycardia of a fetus?
150-170
what is pathological tachy of a fetus?
170+
what does fetal tachycardia OR fetal bradycardia indicate?
fetal tachy: early sign of asphyxia
fetal brady: late sign of asphyxia
what is the position of the childrens legs at: birth, 12-18 months, 3-4 years, and thereafter?
birth: genu varum
12-18mo: straight
3-4y: genu valgum
after: straight
in which patients is ToF common?
FAS, Downs syndrome, mothers who didn’t receive prenatal care
“boot shaped heart”
ToF
in “tet spells” the baby turns blue, and this usually happens after _____
crying, feeding, pooping
in the first 6 weeks of life, the baby has poor feeding, poor weight gain, and dyspnea. what are you worried about?
coarctation of the aorta
VSD
which heart defect at birth can be a neonatal emergency?
pulmonary stenosis
what is the most common congenital heart disease?
VSD
a ruptured blood vessel causes bleeding into the parenchyma of the brain. this is?
lobar intracerebral hemorrhage
inflammation and pus between the dura and the skull/spine. this is?
epidural abscess
inflammation and pus in the brain tissue. this is?
cerebral abscess
