006 - Control Flow Statements

Question 1

__________ break up the flow of execution by employing decision making, looping, and branching, enabling your program to conditionally execute particular blocks of code.

Answer 1

Control flow statements

Question 2

__________ tells your program to execute a certain section of code only if a particular test evaluates to true.

Answer 2

The if-then statement

Question 3

In an if-then statement, __________are optional, provided that the “then” clause contains only one statement:

Answer 3

the opening and closing braces

Question 4

__________ provides a secondary path of execution when an “if” clause evaluates to false.

Answer 4

The if-then-else statement

Question 5

__________ can have a number of possible execution paths.

Answer 5

the switch statement

Question 6

A switch works with the __________ primitive data types

Answer 6

byte, short, char, and int

Question 7

A switch works with __________ types, the _________ class, and a few special classes that wrap certain primitive types: __________.

Answer 7

enumerated
String
Character, Byte, Short, and Integer

Question 8

The body of a switch statement is known as _________.

Answer 8

a switch block

Question 9

A statement in the switch block can be labeled with _________.

Answer 9

one or more case or default labels

Question 10

The switch statement evaluates its expression, then executes all statements that __________.

Answer 10

follow the matching case label

Question 11

Deciding whether to use if-then-else statements or a switch statement is based on __________ and __________.

Answer 11

readability

the expression that the statement is testing

Question 12

An if-then-else statement can test expressions based on __________ or __________, whereas a switch statement tests expressions based __________, __________, or __________.

Answer 12

ranges of values or conditions

only on a single integer,
enumerated value or
String object.

Question 13

Each __________ terminates the enclosing switch statement.

Answer 13

break statement

Question 14

The break statements are necessary because without them, __________.

Answer 14

statements in switch blocks fall through

Question 15

All statements after the matching case label are executed in sequence, regardless of the expression of subsequent case labels, until a __________.

Answer 15

break statement is encountered

Question 16

Technically, a break in __________ is not required because flow falls out of the switch statement.

Answer 16

the final case section

Question 17

The __________handles all values that are not explicitly handled by one of the case sections.

Answer 17

default section

Question 18

In Java SE 7 and later, you can use __________ in the switch statement’s expression.

Answer 18

a String object

Question 19

The __________continually executes a block of statements while a part

Answer 19

while statement

Question 20

The while statement evaluates __________, which must return __________.

Answer 20

An expression

a boolean value

Question 21

If __________ in a while control flow evaluates to true, the while statement executes the statement(s) in the while block.

Answer 21

the expression

Question 22

The while statement continues testing the expression and executing its block until __________.

Answer 22

the expression evaluates to false

Question 23

The difference between do-while and while is that __________ evaluates its expression at the bottom of the loop instead of the top.

Answer 23

do-while

Question 24

the statements within the __________ are always executed at least once

Answer 24

do block

Question 25

The __________ provides a compact way to iterate over a range of values.

Answer 25

for statement

Question 26

Programmers often refer to a __________ as the “for loop”

Answer 26

For statement

Question 27

In a for statement, the __________ initializes the loop; it’s executed once, as the loop begins.

Answer 27

initialization expression

Question 28

When the __________ evaluates to __________, the loop terminates.

Answer 28

termination expression

false

Question 29

The __________ is invoked after each iteration through the loop

Answer 29

increment expression

Question 30

In an increment expression, it is perfectly acceptable to _________ or __________ a value.

Answer 30

increment or decrement

Question 31

The names __________, __________, and __________ are often used to control for loops

Answer 31

i, j and k

Question 32

declaring _________ within the initialization expression limits their life span and reduces errors

Answer 32

The initialization variable

Question 33

The for statement also has another form designed for iteration through __________ and __________ This form is sometimes referred to as __________

Answer 33

Collections and arrays

the enhanced for statement

Question 34

__________ can be used to make your loops more compact and easy to read. To demonstrate

Answer 34

the enhanced for statement

Question 35

The break statement has two forms: __________ and __________

Answer 35

labeled and unlabeled

Question 36

You can also use an unlabeled break in a __________, to terminate a __________, __________, or __________ .

Answer 36

switch statement

for, while or do-while loop

Question 37

An unlabeled break statement terminates the __________ switch, for, while, or do-while statement, but a labeled break terminates __________.

Answer 37

innermost

an outer statement

Question 38

The __________ skips the current iteration of a for, while , or do-while loop.

Answer 38

continue statement

Question 39

The __________ skips to the end of the innermost loop’s body and evaluates the boolean expression that controls the loop

Answer 39

unlabeled continue statement

Question 40

A __________ skips the current iteration of an outer loop marked with the given label.

Answer 40

labeled continue statement

Question 41

The return statement __________, and control flow returns to __________.

Answer 41

exits from the current method

where the method was invoked

Question 42

The return statement has two forms: __________, and __________.

Answer 42

one that returns a value

one that doesn’t

Question 43

To return a value with the return statement, simply put the value (or an expression that calculates the value) __________.

Answer 43

after the return keyword

return ++count;

Question 44

The most basic control flow statement supported by the Java programming language is the ___ statement.

Answer 44

If-then

Question 45

The ___ statement allows for any number of possible execution paths.

Answer 45

Switch

Question 46

The ___ statement is similar to the while statement, but evaluates its expression at the ___ of the loop.

Answer 46

do-while

Question 47

How do you write an infinite loop using the for statement?

Answer 47

for(;;){

}

Question 48

How do you write an infinite loop using the while statement?

Answer 48

while(true){

}

Question 49

Consider the following code snippet.

if (aNumber >= 0)
if (aNumber == 0)
System.out.println(“first string”);
else System.out.println(“second string”);
System.out.println(“third string”);

What output do you think the code will produce if aNumber is 3?

Answer 49

Second string

Third string

Question 50

Consider the following code snippet.

if (aNumber >= 0)
if (aNumber == 0)
System.out.println(“first string”);
else System.out.println(“second string”);
System.out.println(“third string”);

Using only spaces and line breaks, reformat the code snippet to make the control flow easier to understand.
Use braces, { and }, to further clarify the code.

Answer 50

if (aNumber >= 0) {
    if (aNumber == 0) {
          System.out.println(
               "first string");
    }
}
else {
     System.out.println( "second string");
}
System.out.println("third string");