Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroanatomy > 00 Review of PNS > Flashcards

00 Review of PNS Flashcards

1
Q

GSE

A

general somatic efferent - somatic motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

SVE

A

special visceral efferent - branchiomotor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

GVE

A

general visceral efferent - visceral motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

GSA

A

general somatic afferent - somatic sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

GVA

A

general visceral afferent - visceral sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SVA

A

special visceral afferent - chemiccal sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

SSA

A

special somatic afferent - special sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the general somatic efferent innervate?

A

voluntary muscles derived from myotomes. includes:
- all striated skeletal muscle supplied by spinal nerves
- muscles that move the eyes
- muscles that move the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does the special visceral efferent innervate?

A

voluntary motor innervates muscles derived from embryonic branchial (gill) arches in the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what cranial nerves exclusively carry special visceral efferents?

A

V3, VII, IX, X and XI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what do general visceral efferents refer to?

A

preganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what visceral structures do postganglionic ganglia in the periphery innervate?

A

smooth muscle, glands, and visceromotor organs (basically any effector that is not voluntary skeletal or branchial muscle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what spinal nerves carry preganglionic sympathetic fibers

A

T1 - L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what spinal nerves and cranial nerves carry preganglionic parasympathetic fibers

A

spinal nerves S2 - S4
cranial nerves III, VII, IX, and X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what do general somatic afferents carry?

A

sensory signals from the body wall (skin, muscles, joints) with information about:
- concerning pain
- fine touch
- temperature
- proprioceptive signalling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what type of neurons are general somatic afferents?

A

pseudounipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where do general somatic afferents reside?

A

those that are associated with a spinal nerve reside in the dorsal root ganglion

those that are part of the cranial system reside in the cranial nerve sensory ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

can you consciously experience signals from general somatic afferents?

A

yes but certain cerebellar proprioceptive signals are “nonconscious”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what type of neurons are general visceral afferents

A

psudounipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

where do general visceral afferents reside

A

dorsal root ganglia or cranial nerve sensory ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what do general visceral afferents carry?

A

generally, carry nonconscious signals from sensors in the viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

types of visceral pain that can be experienced consciously

A

inflammation, distension, sustained smooth muscle cramping, and ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what do special visceral afferents carry?

A

signals originating from chemical sense of smell and taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what do special somatic afferents carry?

A

signals originating in specialized somatic sensors, either in retinal photoreceptors or inner ear hair cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

CN I

A

olfactory nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

CN II

A

optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

CN III

A

oculomotor nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

CN IV

A

trochlear nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

CN V

A

trigeminal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

CN VI

A

abducens nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

CN VII

A

facial nerve

32
Q

CN VIII

A

vestibulocochlear nerve

33
Q

CN IX

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

34
Q

CN X

A

vagus nerve

35
Q

CN XI

A

accessory nerve

36
Q

CN XII

A

hypoglossal nerve

37
Q

what does the olfactory nerve do and what cranial nerve is it?

A

CN I
- carries SVA (special visceral afferent) olfactory sense from ganglion cells in the olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity

  • central axons project through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to relay in the olfactory bulb

(from olfactory ganglion to olfactory bulb)

38
Q

what does the optic nerve carry? what cranial nerve is it?

A

CN II
- carries SSA (special somatic afferent) visual fibers from bipolar ganglion cells in the back of the retina

39
Q

what 2 fibers does the oculomotor nerve carry?

A
  1. GSE (general somatic efferents)
  2. GVE (general visceral efferents)
40
Q

where does the oculomotor nerve carry GSE fibers to? CN?

A

to extraocular muscles:
- superior rectus
- inferior rectus
- medial rectus
- inferior oblique

to the muscles that elevate the upper eyelid:
- levator palpebrae superiors

CN III

41
Q

where does the oculomotor nerve carry GVE fibers to? CN?

A
  • ciliary ganglion - controls the ciliaris muscle for lense accommodation
  • constrictor pupillae muscle - for pupillary constriction

CN III

42
Q

what does the trochlear nerve carry? CN?

A

CN IV (4)

carries GSE (general sensory efferents) to the superior olique which is a extraocular muscle that uses the trochlea as a pulley

43
Q

fibers carried by the trigeminal nerve

A

SVE (special visceral efferent) and GSA (general sensory afferent)

44
Q

where does the trigeminal nerve carry GSA fibers to and from? CN?

A

CN V (5)

carries general sensory afferernt fibers from the face, nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oral cavity, and anterior 2/3 of the tongue (tongue comes from the lingual nerve)

45
Q

what is the main cranial nerve for somatic sensation from the head?

A

CN V trigeminal nerve

46
Q

types of ganglion cells involved in cranial nerve 5 and their location

A

trigeminal and semilunar

located in the trigeminal cave (a pocket in the dura) that forms as part of an evagination of the tentorium cerebelli near the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone

47
Q

what cranial nerve supplied hard tissues like teeth and periosteum of cranial bones

A

trigeminal nerve (CN 5)

48
Q

what is CN V3 and what does it carry

A

the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve that carries SVE fibers

49
Q

where does the trigeminal nerve carry SVE fibers to? CN?

A

8 muscles total:
- 4 muscles of the mastication
- 2 muscles of the oral diaphragm
- 2 small “tensor” muscles = tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani

tensor veli palatini = tightens the soft palate
tensor tympani = dampens oscillations of the malleus in the middle ear ossicle

CN V (5)

50
Q

what type of fibers does the abducens nerve carry and where? CN?

A

carries GSE (general sensory effectors) to the lateral rectus which is an extraocular muscle that abducts the eye

CN VI (6)

51
Q

what types of fibers does the facial nerve carry? CN?

A
  • SVE
  • GVE
  • SVA
  • GSA

CN VII (7)

52
Q

where does the facial nerve carry SVE fibers to? CN?

A

to the stapedius (small middle ear muscle) and the muscles of facial expression

CN VII (7)

53
Q

where does the facial nerve carry GVE fibers to? CN?

A
  • the submandibular ganglion in the oral cavity (controls the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands)
  • the pterygopalatine ganglion for control of nasal mucosa and lacrimation

“in short, GVE fibers keep the face wet”

CN VII (7)

54
Q

where does the facial nerve carry SVA fibers from and to? CN?

A

from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue (via the chorda tympani branch which travels with the lingual nerve branch of CN V3 for a while) and the palate

to the cell bodies located in the geniculate ganglion within the facial canal of the petrous temporal bone

CN VII (7)

55
Q

where does the facial nerve carry GSA fibers from and to? CN?

A

from the small area of the external ear canal and to the cell bodies in the geniculate ganglion

CN VII (7)

56
Q

what type of fibers does the vestibulocochlear nerve carry and where from? CN?

A

carries SSA (special somatic afferent)

from the spiral ganglion and the vestibular gangion in the inner ear

these ganglion deal with special senses of hearing and head position sense for balance and various reflexes

CN VIII (8)

57
Q

what types of fibers does the glossopharyngeal nerve carry? CN?

A

GSA
SVA
GVA
SVE
GVE

CN IX (9)

58
Q

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve carry GSA from? CN?

A

carries GSA fibers from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, tympanic membrane, and oropharynx (back of the throat)

59
Q

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve carry SVA from? CN?

A

carries SVA fibers from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

60
Q

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve carry GVA from? CN?

A

carries GVA fibers from the carotid body (senses pO2/pCO2 in the blood of carotid arteries) and carotid sinus (blood pressure)

61
Q

where do the GSA, SVA, and GVA fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) go to?

A

to the sensory gangion located on the IX nerve just outside the jugular foramen of the skull

62
Q

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve carry SVE to and what does it do?

A

carries to the stylopharyngeus muscle which elevates the pharynx during swallowing

63
Q

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve carry GVE fibers to and what does it do?

A

carries to the otic ganglion for control of the parotid salivary gland

64
Q

what fibers does the Vagus nerve carry? CN?

A
  1. GSA
  2. SVA
  3. GVA
  4. SVE
  5. GVE
65
Q

where does vagus nerve carry GSA fibers from?

A

from the nasopharynx (lowest part of the throat), larynx, upper esophagus, and external acoustic meatus

66
Q

where does vagus nerve carry SVA from?

A

carries SVA taste fibers from the the epiglottis (minor function)

67
Q

where does vagus nerve carry GVA fibers from?

A

carries from basically the entire body viscera (major function of vagus nerve)

68
Q

where does vagus nerve carry SVE fibers to?

A

to all of the muscles in the larynx, pharynx, and palate

69
Q

larynx (in relation to the vagus nerve)

A

phonation

70
Q

pharynx (in relation to the vagus nerve)

A

swallowing, except styopharyngeus controlled by IX

71
Q

palate (in relation to the vagus nerve)

A

control of both levator veli palatini and palatoglossus enables vagus to control palatal position during swallowing and speech.

72
Q

where does the vagus nerve carry GVE fibers to and from?

A

to every visceral structure below the head down to the end of the midgut (heart, bronchial smooth muscle, most of the gut tube)

from the postganglionic gangla located in the walls of taret organs or near them

73
Q

what organs are developmentally lower than the midgut and were do they get their nerves from?

A

organs: hind gut, pelvic/perineal organs

from the pelvic splanchnic nerves

74
Q

what fibers does the accessory nerve carry? CN?

A

carries SVE fivers
CN XI

75
Q

what do the SVE fibers carried by the accessory nerve do? where are the cell bodies located?

A

control the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

cell bodies located in the spinal cord ventral horn (upper cervical segments)

leave the cord but pass directly up between the dosal and cetral rootlets, pass through th eforamen magnum, then leave th eskull via the jugular foramen.

76
Q

what fibers does the hypoglossal nerve carry? CN? what is the purpose?

A

carries GSA fibers to muscles that move the tongue and control its shape

CN XII

Neuroanatomy (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions