. Flashcards
Name 3 flat bones
Sternum, ribs, Cranium, pelvis
Name 4 long bones
Femur, humerus, radius, Tibia, phalanges
What is the structure of a ligament?
Structure: tough, slightly elastic
What is the Structure of synovial fluid?
Structure: lubricating liquid within the joint
What is the structure of cartilage?
Structure: smooth tissue which covers the surface of bones
What is the structure of the Joint capsule?
Structure: fibrous
What is the structure of the bursa?
Structure: fluid filled sac, found where tendons rub over bones
Friction: reduces friction between tendons and bones
What is a joint?
And area of the body where two of more bones articulate to create human movement
What is the Sagittal plane of movement?
It lies vertically, and divides the body into left and right part from the mid line (flexion and extension)
What is the frontal plane of movement?
It lies vertically, and divides the body into front and back (abduction and addiction)
What is the transverse plane of movement?
It lies horizontally and divides the body into upper and Lower parts (horizontal flexion and horizontal extension)
Give 3 examples of a hinge joint:
Elbow, knee, ankle
Give an example of a pivot joint:
The radio-ulna joint
Name a gliding joint
The spine
Name 2 ball and socket joints
Hip and shoulder
Name a Condyloid joint
Wrist joint
What is the function of flat bones (e.g. Ribs):
To protect internal organs
What are the functions of long bones (e.g. Femur):
They act as a lever and act as sites for blood cell production
What is the function of a ligament
Function: connects bone to bone, and stabilises the joint during movement
What is the function synovial fluid?
Function: Reduces friction, nourishes the cartilage
What is the function of cartilage?
Function: absorbs the shock and allows friction free movement
What is the function of the Joint capsule?
Function: strengthens the joint secreting synovial fluid
What is the function of the bursa?
Friction: reduces friction between tendons and bones
Give an example of a movement on the sagittal plane
A bicep curl (flexing extension movement)
Give an example of a movement on the frontal plane
Lateral raises (abduction and adduction)
Give an example of a movement on the transverse plane
Discussing the backward swing the humerus moves further from the midline parallel to the floor as horizontal extension occurs at the shoulder joint (Horizontal flexion and horizontal extension)
