. Flashcards
Study of food and how the body makes use of it
Nutrition
process by which substances in food are transformed into body tissues and provide energy for the full range of physical and mental activities that make up human life.
Human nutrition
Defined as food fibers which enable the body to get rid of waste products na poisonous sa body
Roughage
Defined as food fibers which enable the body to get rid of waste products na poisonous sa body
Roughage
Give examples of Roughage is the edible but indigestible portion of plant foods
whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, fruits, and vegetables.
Give examples of Roughage is the edible but indigestible portion of plant foods
whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, fruits, and vegetables.
Food needed for physiologic functions
- Respiration
- Circulation
- Digestion and elimination
- Metabolism
- Maintaining body temp
- Growth and repair body
Having sufficient amount of food and nutrients
Having wide variety of foods and maintaining body temperature
Diet
11 major malnutrition causes
- Lack of knowledge in selecting food stuffed with high nutrient value
- Poverty & infectious disease
- Drought
- Uneve distribution of available foods
- Social arrest and civil conflicts
- Transport problems
- Increased population
- Inadequate weaning
- Insufficient farming technique
- Poor management of resources
- Topographical differences in regions
6 harmful traditional practices
- During the period of fasting important nutrients aren’t taken
- Pork is forbidden
- Lack of sunlight
- Discrimination in feeding amounts
- Giving butter to neonate to swallow, hoping to keep the intestine smooth
- Delay to start complementary food
Best practices which favor nutrition
- Breastfeeding
- Special care for children and lactating
- Traditional use of dark green
3 energy requirements of individuals
- Physical activities
- Body size and composition
- Age: two main ways
-infant needs more energy
-adults, less energy
3 energy requirements of individuals
- Physical activities
- Body size and composition
- Age: two main ways
-infant needs more energy
-adults, less energy
Daily calorie: 1-3yrs old
1000
Daily calorie: 4 years old
1500
Daily calorie: 5-8 years old
1800
Daily calorie: 10-12
2000
Daily calorie: 13-20 office work
2,800
Calorie intake: adults office
2,300
Calorie intake adult heavy work
2700
Calorie adults heavy work
4000
3 main function of carbohydrates
- Instant energy
- Storing energy
- Digestion
7 sources of protein
- Poultry - chicken and turkey
- Eggs - egg whites
- Red meat - beef, lamb, pork
- Seafood - salmon shrimp
- Dairy - milk
- Beans and legumes
- Nuts and seeds
4 main uses of amino acids
- Building and repairing - help create new proteins, repair tissues and muscles
- Providing structure - provide structure to body
- Ph balance
- Creating enzymes and hormones
Was originally defined as the amount of heat required
Calorie
6 nutrients
- Carbs - energy 4cal per grame
- Fats - energy 9cal
- Proteins - build body tissue 4cal
- Vitamins - regulate and boost
- Minerals - regulate body processess
- Water - regulate body processess
2 inoriganic nutrients
Minerals and water
4 organic nutrients
Carbs, fats, proteins, vitamins
5 main sources of carbs
- Whole grain: brown rice, oats
- Vegetables: peas, potatoes, corn
- Fruits: mango, banana
- Beans & legumes: black beans
- Dairy products: milk and yogurt
3 main function of lipids
- Cell membrane health
- Storing energy
- Transport and absorption
Vitamins 2 solubles
Water soluble
Fat soluble
B1
Thiamine
B2
Riboflavin
B3
Niacin
B5
Pantothenic acid
B6
Pyridoxine
B7
Biotin
B9
Folate
B12
Cobalamin
Vitamin A
Vision, reproduction, skin
Vitamin D
Strength bone, calcium absorption, immune system
Vitamin E
Flush toxins, boost immune system
Vitamin K
Blood cloth, bone health
What vitamins are fat soluble
A D E K
