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Biology Digestion Test S2 > . > Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the seven nutrients called?

A

Carbohydrates, fibre, protein, fats, vitamins, minerals and water.

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2
Q

Do all foods contain all nutrients?

A

No, foods don’t contain all nutrients. Foods contain different amounts of nutrients.

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3
Q

What is needed for a balanced diet

A

All the nutrients with the correct amounts.

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4
Q

What does carbohydrates supply us with?

A

Energy

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5
Q

What are the two main types?

A

Sugars- fast releasing energy
Starches- slow releasing energy

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6
Q

What is fibre also?

A

Is also carbohydrate but no able to be digested

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7
Q

What does fibre help with?

A

Helps with our digestive system by adding bulk to our food and aiding its movement along our digestive tract.

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8
Q

What does protein help with?

A

Protein helps us grow and help us to repair body tissues.

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9
Q

What does fats provide us with?

A

Provides us with energy that can be stored.

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10
Q

What does fats provide us with

A

Fats help to provide insulation.

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11
Q

What do vitamins and minerals help prevent?

A

Prevents certain diseases.

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12
Q

What is water needed for?

A

Is needed for chemical reactions and helps transport materials around our body.

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13
Q

When does malnutrition occur?

A

Occurs when the diet does not supply us with the correct amount of each of the seven nutrients.

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14
Q

What is a deficiency disease caused by?

A

Is caused by a lack of a particular nutrient in the diet.

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15
Q

What are the missing symptoms for the deficiency diseases?

A

Diseases: scurvy, kwashiorkor, anaemia, rickets.

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16
Q

What is night blindness caused by?

A

Caused by vitamin A deficiency.

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17
Q

How can food be tested to determine different nutrients they contain?

A

Samples of food can be tested.

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18
Q

What does it mean if the food is solid? (eg. Apple)

A

It must be ground up in water and then filtered to make a solution for testing.

19
Q

What is used for the test of starch?

A

Iodine solution.

20
Q

How do u find the presence of starch?

A

Red brown to blue black.

21
Q

What is used to test for reducing sugars?

A

Benedict’s solution.

22
Q

What is done during the Benedict’s solution during the test?

A

It must be heated

23
Q

What’s the presence of reducing sugars? (Benedict’s solution)

A

Blue to orange.

24
Q

What is used to test for protein?

A

Biuret’s solution

25
Q

What is the presence for biurets solution?

A

Blue to violet.

26
Q

What are complex carbohydrates (like starch) are made up of?

A

Many small units called sugar molecules. (glucose)

27
Q

What are proteins made up of?

A

Many units called amino acids.

28
Q

What are fats made up of?

A

Subunits called fatty acids and glycerol.

29
Q

What do humans use to chew food and what happens in your mouth?

A

Humans use their teeth to chew food mechanically breaking the large pieces down to smaller ones.

30
Q

Are all teeth the same?

A

No all teeth has its own use.

31
Q

What are the definitions of canines, incisors, pre molars and molars.

A

Canines: for ripping and tearing.
Incisors: for slicing and cutting.
Pre molars and molars: for crushing and grinding.

32
Q

What is the process of digestion?

A

Process which large insoluble molecules are broken down chemically into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the blood stream.

33
Q

What is the digestive system made up of?

A

The digestive system is made up of the alimentary canal, a long muscular tube running from the mouth and the anus.

34
Q

What is the function of the muscle layers of the stomach?

A

The muscles contract and relax in order to churn the food.

35
Q

What the purpose of churning to food in stomach?

A

It mixes the food with the digestive juices.

36
Q

After digestion what happens to the products?

A

The products of digestion are absorbed into the bloodstream through to wall of the small intestine.

37
Q

What is the structure of the small intestine?

A

Very long, inner wall is highly folded into villi presenting a large surface area for absorption.

38
Q

What vessels do the small intestine have And what is its purpose?

A

Many blood vessels soo that the products from digestion can pass and be taken around the body to all the cells

39
Q

What does the large intestine absorb?

A

It absorbs water from the remaining undigested food material.

40
Q

What is the unwanted waste material?

A

Faeces.

41
Q

What does digestive juice contain?

A

It contains enzymes.

42
Q

What are enzymes?

A

Special protein molecules in our cells that help to speed up chemical reactions.

43
Q

Do different enzyme help speed up the breakdown of digestion?

A

Yes it speeds up the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins and fats.

Biology Digestion Test S2 (1 decks)

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