.

Question 1

the smallest structural units of living matter and
compose all living things

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

: a characteristic that deviates from the
normal type.

Answer 2

Aberration

Question 3

group of diseases characterized by
unregulated growth of cells

Answer 3

Cellular Aberration:

Question 4

: is a disease of abnormal cell growth, cell division
and cell differentiation.

Answer 4

Cancer

Question 5

: pattern of growth in which cells lack normal
characteristics and differ in shape and organization with
respect to their cells of origin; usually, anaplastic cells
are malignant

Answer 5

Anaplasia

Question 6

: growth of new blood vessels that allow
cancer cells to grow

Answer 6

Angiogenesis

Question 7

: a normal cell mechanism of programmed cell
death benign: not cancerous; benign tumors may grow
but are unable to spread to other organs or body parts

Answer 7

Apoptosis

Question 8

: process of transforming normal cells
into malignant cells

Answer 8

Carcinogenesis

Question 9

: chemicals, physical factors, and other
agents that cause cancer

Answer 9

Carcinogens

Question 10

: the use of medications to kill tumor
cells by interfering with cellular functions and
reproduction

Answer 10

Chemotherapy

Question 11

: having cells or processes that are
characteristic of cancer

Answer 11

Malignant

Question 12

: spread of cancer cells from the primary
tumor to distant sites

Answer 12

Metastasis

Question 13

: lowest point of white blood cell depression after
therapy that has toxic effects on the bone marrow

Answer 13

Nadir

Question 14

: uncontrolled cell growth that follows no
physiologic demand; cancer

Answer 14

Neoplasia

Question 15

: field or study of cancer

Answer 15

Oncology

Question 16

: relief of symptoms and promotion of comfort
and quality of life regardless of the disease stage

Answer 16

Palliation

Question 17

: process of determining the extent of disease,
including tumor size and spread or metastasis to distant
sites

Answer 17

Staging

Question 18

: a normal gene that can become an
oncogene d/t mutation or increased expression.

Answer 18

Protooncogenes

Question 19

: a gene that has the potential to cause CA;
protooncogenes which is converted via
mutation/chromosomal arrangement

Answer 19

Oncogene

Question 20

: neoplasms that originate from muscle, bone,
fat, lymph system, or connective tissues.

Answer 20

Sarcomas

Question 21

: specific bodily subs. that seem to
indicate tumor progression or regression.

Answer 21

Tumor markers

Question 22

: cells that have lost the capacity
for specialized functions.

Answer 22

Undifferentiated cells

Question 23

• arising in epithelial tissue

Answer 23

Carcinomas

Question 24

• arise from or form ductal or
  glandular structures

Answer 24

Adenocarcinomas

Question 25

• a malignant tumor arising from
  breast glandular tissue is a mammary, whereas an
  example of a benign breast tumor is a fibroadenoma

Answer 25

Adenocarcinoma

Question 26

The suffix “-…….” - cancers arising from
mesenchymal tissue (including connective tissue,
muscle, and bone). For example, malignant cancers of
skeletal muscle are known as rhabdomyosarcomas

Answer 26

sarcoma

Question 27

• cancers of lymphatic tissue

Answer 27

Lymphomas

Question 28

• cancers of blood-forming cells

Answer 28

Leukemias

Question 29

are named for historical reasonsthat do
not follow this nomenclature convention.

Answer 29

Hodgkin disease and
Ewing sarcoma