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Chapter 11 > . > Flashcards

. Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the mouth

A

An opening through which food passes into the body; breaks food into small particles by mastication (chewing) and mixing with saliva

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2
Q

Tongue

A

Consists mostly of skeleton muscle; attached in the posterior region of the mouth. It provides movement of food for mastication, directs food to the pharynx for swallowing and is a major organ for taste and speech

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3
Q

Palate

A

Separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity

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4
Q

Soft palate

A

Posterior portion, not supported by bone

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5
Q

Hard palate
( front area of mouth)

A

Anterior portion, supported by bone

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6
Q

Uvula

A

Soft V-shaped structure that extends from the soft palate; directs food into the throat

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7
Q

Pharynx

A

Performs the swallowing action that passes food from the mouth into the esophagus

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8
Q

Esophagus

A

10 inch (25cm) tube that is a passageway for food extending the pharynx to the stomach. Peristalsis, involuntary wavelike movement that propel food along the gastrointestinal tract, begins in the esophagus

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9
Q

Stomach

A

J-shaped sac that mixes and stores food. Its secret chemicals for digestion and hormones that act locally to control digestive system functions

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10
Q

Cardia

A

Area around the opening of the esophagus

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11
Q

Fundus

A

Proximal domed portion of the stomach

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12
Q

Body

A

Central portion of the stomach, distal to the fundus

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13
Q

Antrum

A

Distal portion of the stomach

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14
Q

Pylorus

A

Portion of the stomach that connects to the small intestine

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15
Q

Pyloric sphincter

A

Ring of muscles that guards the opening between the stomach and the duodenum

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16
Q

Small intestine

A

20-foot (6-m) tube extending from the pyloric sphincter to the large instestine. Digestion is completely in the small intestine to the bloodstream, takes place through the villi, tiny finger like projections that line the walls of the small intestine

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17
Q

Duodenum

A

First 10 to 12 inches (25 cm) of the small intestine

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18
Q

Jejunum

A

Second portion of the small intestine, approximately 8 feet (2.4m) long

19
Q

Ileum

A

Third portion of the small intestine, approximately 11 feet (3.3 m) long, which connects with the large intestine.

20
Q

Large intestine

A

Approximately 5 feet (1.5 m) long tube that extends from the ileum to the anus. Absorption of water and transit of the solid waste products of digestion take place in the large intestine

21
Q

Cecum

A

U shaped pouch that is the first portion of the large intestine

22
Q

Colon

A

Main portion of the large intestine. The colon is divided into four parts: ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon

23
Q

Rectum

A

Distal portion of the large intestine, approximately 8 to 10 inches (20cm) long extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus

24
Q

Anus

A

Sphincter muscle ( ring like band of the muscle fiber that keeps an opening tight) at the end of the gastrointestinal tract. Provides for elimination of solid waste products of digestion

25
Q

ACCESSORY ORGASNS
Salivary glands

A

Produce saliva which flows into the mouth

26
Q

ACCESSORY ORGANS
Liver

A

Produces bile which is necessary for the digestion of fats. The liver performs many other functions concerned with the digestion and metabolism

27
Q

ACCESSORY ORGANS
Biliary tract

A

Organs and ducts (passageway) that transport, stores, and release bile ( also called biliary system)

28
Q

ACCESSORY ORGANS
Common bile duct

A

Small tubelike structure where the hepatic duct and cystic duct join; conveys bile to the duodenum to aid in the breakdown of fats

29
Q

ACCESSORY ORGANS
Gallbladder

A

Small, saclike structure that stores bile produced by the liver

30
Q

ACCESSORY ORGANS
Pancreas

A

Produces panacreatic juice which helps digest all types of food;secretes insulin for carbohydrates

31
Q

OTHER STRUCTURES
PERITONEUM

A

Serous saclike lining of the abdominal and pelvic cavities

32
Q

OTHER STRUCTURES
Appendix

A

Small pouch which has no known function in digestion; attached to the cecum also called the vermiform appendix

33
Q

OTHER STRUCTURES
Abdomen

A

Portion of the body between the thorax and the pelvis

34
Q

DIGESTIVE SUSTEM COMBINING FORMS
An/o

A

Anus

35
Q

DIGESTIVE SUSTEM COMBINING FORMS
Antr/o

A

Antrum

36
Q

DIGESTIVE SUSTEM COMBINING FORMS
Cec/o

A

Cecum

37
Q

DIGESTIVE SUSTEM COMBINING FORMS
Col/o & Colon/o

A

Colon ( large intestine)

38
Q

DIGESTIVE SUSTEM COMBINING FORMS
Duoden/o

A

Duodenum

39
Q

DIGESTIVE SUSTEM COMBINING FORMS
Enter/o

A

Intestines ( usually the small intestine)

40
Q

DIGESTIVE SUSTEM COMBINING FORMS
Esophagus/o

A

Esophagus

41
Q

DIGESTIVE SUSTEM COMBINING FORMS
Gastr/o

A

Stomach

42
Q

DIGESTIVE SUSTEM COMBINING FORMS
Or/o

A

Mouth

43
Q

DIGESTIVE SUSTEM COMBINING FORMS
Proct/o &. Rect/o

A

Rectum

44
Q

DIGESTIVE SUSTEM COMBINING FORMS
Stomat/o

A

Mouth

Chapter 11 (1 decks)

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