🥹 Flashcards
the formal, systematic process used to understand, analyze, and evaluate decisions regarding matters of right and wrong as they apply to well-being
ethics
specific beliefs or actions whose outcomes are often examined utilizing the principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, double effect, and distributive justice
morality
maslow’s hierarchy of needs
self actualization
esteem and self-respect
belonginess and affection
safety and security
physiologic needs
self determination
autonomy
duty to perform acts that can be of benefit others
beneficence
taking positive action to prevent patients from harming themselves or others
beneficence
duty to not inflict harm
nonmaleficence
principle that may morally justify some actions that produce both good and evil effects
double effect
an external appliance that provides support, prevents or corrects joint deformities, and improves function
orthosis
a device used to replace a body part
prosthesis
alternately contracting and relaxing a muscle while keeping the part in a fixed position; performed by the patient
isometric exercise
a hormone produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates the secretion of cortisol and other hormones by the adrenal cortex
adrenocorticotropic hormone
a hormone secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland that constricts blood vessels, elevates blood pressure, and reduces the excretion of urine
antidiuretic hormone
any of the group of amines (epi, nor epi) that serves a neurotransmitters
catecholamines
the group of steroid hormones, such as cortisol, that are produced by the adrenal cortex
corticosteroids
bizarre cell growth resulting in cells that differ in size, shape, or arrangement from other cells of the same tissue type
dysplasia
inadequate supply of oxygen to the cell
hypoxia
progressive dementia, memory failure, personality disturbance, loss of intellectual functioning associated with cerebral cortical atrophy, beta-amyloid plaque formation, and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles
alzheimers disease
slowly progressive behavioral changes, language disturbance and/or extrapyramidal signs, rigidity, bradykinesia, and saccadic eye movements
parkinsons disease
widespread degenerative brain change with progressive motor loss; both voluntary disability and involuntary disability, cognitive decline, chorea (involuntary movements) at later stage, psychiatric disturbances
huntington disease
elevated cholesterol and triglycerides associated with premature coronary disease and peripheral vascular disease
hyperlipidemia
small airway and alveolar wall destruction; emphysema, especially at base; COPD
alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency
decreased ability to hear high-pitched tones that naturally begins in midlife as a result of irreversible inner ear changes
presbycusis
decrease in visual accommodation that occurs with advancing age
presbyopia
a medication that competes with agonists for opioid receptor binding sites; can displace agonists, thereby inhibiting their action
antagonist
category of pain that arises from bone joint, muscle, skin, or connective tissue
somatic pain
category of pain that arises from visceral organs, such as the GI tract and pancreas
visceral pain
concentration
osmolality
dilution
osmolarity
distended jugular veins: FVE or FVD
FVE
signs and symptoms of hyponatremia
anorexia, nausea and vomiting, headache, lethargy, dizziness, confusion, muscle cramps and weakness, muscular twitching, seizures, PAPILLEDEMA, dry skin, INCREASED PULSE, DECREASED BP, weight gain, edema
signs and symptoms of hypernatremia
thirst, INCREASED TEMPERATURE, swollen dry tongue and sticky mucous membranes, hallucinations, lethargy, restlessness, irritability, simple partial or tonic-clonic seizures, pulmonary edema, hyperreflexia, twitching, nausea, vomiting, anorexi, INCREASED PULSE, INCREASED BP
ECG of hypokalemia
flattened T waves, prominent U waves, ST depression, prolonged PR interval
ECG of hyperkalemia
tall tented T waves, prolonged PR interval and QRS duration, absent P waves, ST depression
inflammation of vein
phlebitis
unintentional administration of a nonvesicant solution or medication into surrounding tissue
infiltration
characterized by edema around the insertion site, leakage of IV fluid, discomfort and coolness in the area, decrease in flow rate
infiltration
with an inadvertent administration of vesicant or irritant solution or medication into the surrounding tissue
extravasation
presence of a clot plus inflammation in the vein
thrombophlebitis
it is evidenced by localized pain, redness, warmth, and swelling around the insertion site or along the path of the vein, immobility of the extremity because of discomfort and swelling, sluggish flow rate, fever, malaise, and leukocytosis
thrombophlebitis
improves contractility, increase stroke volume, increase cardiac output
inotropic agents
inotropic agents
dobutamine
dopamine
epinephrine
milrinone
disadvantage of inotropic agents
increases oxygen demands of the heart
reduce preload and afterload, reduce oxygen demand of heart
vasodilators
vasodilators
nitroglycerin
nitroprusside
disadvantage of vasodilators
cause hypotension
increases blood pressure by vasoconstriction
vasopressor
vasopressors
norepinephrine
dopamine
phenylephrine
vasopressin
epinephrine
angiotensin II
disadvantage of vasopressors
increase afterload, thereby increasing cardiac workload; compromise perfusion to skin, kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal tract
hair loss
alopecia
normal cell mechanism of programmed cell death
apoptosis
delivery of radiation therapy through internal implants placed inside or adjacent to the tumor
brachytherapy
the use of medications to kill tumor cells by interfering with cellular functions and reproduction
chemotherapy
from the patient (transplant)
autologous
from an identical twin (transplant)
syngeneic
partial or complete separation of wound edges
dehiscence
protrusion of organs through the surgical incision
evisceration
temporary cessation of breathing
apnea
expectoration of blood from the respiratory tract
hemoptysis
decrease in arterial oxygen tension in the blood
hypoxemia
deep, low-pitched snoring sound associated with partial airway obstruction, heard on chest auscultation
rhonchi
continuous, high-pitched, musical sound heard on inspiration, best heard over the neck; may be heard without use of stethoscope, secondary to upper airway obstruction
stridor
continuous musical sounds associated with airway narrowing or partial obstruction
wheezes
stiffness of the neck or inability to bend the neck
nuchal rigidity
composition of the board
1 chairperson
6 members
qualification of the board
*have at least __ years of ___
*provided that the last __ years of which shall be in the ___
10 years
experience
5 years
Philippines
qualification of the board
*the membership to the board shall represent the three areas of nursing, namely:
nursing education
nursing service
community health nursing
re-issuance of revoked certificates and replacement of lost certificates
*the board may, after the expiration of a maximum of __ years
four (4)
requirement for inactive nurses returning to practice
*nurses who have not actively practiced the profession for __ consecutive years
*are required to undergo __ month of didactic training and
*__ months of practicum
5
1
3
prohibitions in the practice of nursing
*a fine of not less than __ nor more than __ or imprisonment of not less than __ year nor more than __, or both, upon the discretion of the court
50,000
100,000
1 year
6 years
MDG acronym
PEGCMHEG
MDGs
- poverty
- education
- gender equality and women
- child mortality
- maternal health
- HIV/AIDS
- environment
- global partnership
roles and functions of PHN
leadership in health
enabler and capacity builder
administrator of specific services
standard procedures performed during clinic visits
registration/admission
waiting time
triaging
clinical evaluation
laboratory and diagnostics
referral system
prescription/dispensing
health education
five stages of organizing
community analysis
design and initiation
implementation
program maintenance
dissemination
steps in outbreak investigation
- prepare for field work
- establish the existence of an outbreak
- verify diagnosis
- define and identify cases
- perform descriptive epidemiology
- developing hypotheses
- evaluate hypotheses
- refine hypotheses and execute additional studies
- implement control and prevention measures
- communicate findings
- follow-up recommendations
function of epidemiologic nurse
a. implement public health surveillance
b. monitor local health personnel conducting disease surveillance
c. conduct and/or assist other health personnel in outbreak investigation
d. assist in the conduct of rapid surveys and surveillance during disasters
e. assist in the conduct of surveys, program evaluations, and other epidemiologic studies
f. assist in the conduct of training course in epidemiology
g. assist the epidemiologist in preparing the annual report and financial plan
h. responsible for inventory and maintenance of epidemiology and surveillance unit equipment
shows peaks, valleys and seasonal trends
line or curved graphs
represents or expresses a quantity in terms of rates or percentages of a particular observation like causes of illness and deaths
bar graphs
shows the relative importance of parts to the whole
pie charts/area diagram
the fundamental building block or foundation of the Field Health Service Information System
treatment record
four purposes of Target/Client Lists
- to plan and carry out patient care and service delivery
- to facilitate the monitoring and supervision for services
- to report services delivered
- to provide a clinic-level data base which can be accessed for further studies
prenatal visits
1st visit - asap
2nd visit - 2nd trimester
3rd visit - 3rd trimester
every 2 weeks starting at the 8th month
do not give __ BEFORE the __ of pregnancy
vitamin A/retinol
4th month
stages of labor
cervix is dilated 0-3 cm
first stage
stages of labor
contractions are weak, less than 2 to 10 minutes
first stage
stages of labor
cervix is dilated 4cm or more
first stage
stages of labor
cervix dilated 10 cm or bulging thin perineum and head visible
second stage
stages of labor
between birth of the baby and delivery of the placenta
third stage
refers to the burden currently affecting person with mental disorders and is measured in terms of prevalence and other indicators such as the quality of life indicators and disability adjusted life years
defined burden
portion of the burden relating to the impact o mental health problems to persons other than the individuals directly affected
undefined burden
mental illness refers to the stigma and violations of human rights
hidden burden
hansen’s disease AKA
leprosy
leprosy AKA
hansen’s disease
leprosy early or late
change in skin color
early
loss of eyebrows AKA
madarosis
leprosy late signs and symptoms
loss of eyebrows
inability to close eyelids
clawing of fingers and toes
contractures
sinking of the nose-bridge
enlargement of the breast in males
chronic ulcers
