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Question 1

What are the two main functions of the ear?

Answer 1

Equilibrium and hearing

Question 2

What are the three major parts of the ear?

Answer 2

External ear, middle ear, internal ear

Question 3

What is the role of the external ear?

Answer 3

Receives sound waves

Question 4

How are sound waves transmitted in the middle ear?

Answer 4

From air to fluids of the internal ear via small bones

Question 5

What does the internal ear transduce fluid movements into?

Answer 5

Nerve impulses

Question 6

What separates the external acoustic meatus from the middle ear?

Answer 6

Tympanic membrane

Question 7

What are the components of the external ear?

Answer 7

Auricle (pinna) and external acoustic meatus (ear canal)

Question 8

What is the structure of the auricle?

Answer 8

Thin plate of elastic cartilage covered by true skin

Question 9

What features are present in the skin of the auricle?

Answer 9

Hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands

Question 10

What lines the external acoustic meatus?

Answer 10

Skin

Question 11

What is the composition of the wall of the external acoustic meatus?

Answer 11

Elastic cartilage (outer part) and bone (inner part)

Question 12

What do ceruminous glands secrete?

Answer 12

Ear wax

Question 13

The tympanic membrane is also known as the _______.

Answer 13

Eardrum

Question 14

What are the two branches of the acoustic nerve?

Answer 14

Vestibular branch and cochlear branch

Question 15

True or False: The auricle is made entirely of bone.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

What is the primary function of the vestibular organ in the internal ear?

Answer 16

Maintain equilibrium

Question 17

What is the role of the cochlea in the ear?

Answer 17

Auditory organ

Question 18

What does the tympanic membrane separate?

Answer 18

External acoustic meatus from the middle ear

Question 19

What is the otolith membrane also known as?

Answer 19

Membrana statoconiorum

It is involved in balance and spatial orientation.

Question 20

What types of cells are found in the otolith membrane?

Answer 20

• Hair cells
• Supporting cells
• Endings of the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve

These components are crucial for detecting changes in head position.

Question 21

What is the organ of Corti responsible for?

Answer 21

Detecting sound vibrations of different frequencies

It is located within the cochlea.

Question 22

What are the main components of the organ of Corti?

Answer 22

• Hair cells
• Other epithelial structures
• Basilar membrane

These structures work together to convert sound waves into neural signals.

Question 23

What covers the cells of the spiral organ from above?

Answer 23

Membrana tectoria

This gelatinous mass plays a role in the mechanical function of hearing.

Question 24

What is the triangular cavity enclosed by the cells of the spiral organ called?

Answer 24

Tunnel of Corti (or antriculum internum)

It is critical for the organization of hair cells.

Question 25

Where does the base of the tunnel of Corti lie?

Answer 25

Over the basilar membrane

This positioning is essential for the function of the organ of Corti.

Question 26

What forms the inner wall of the tunnel of Corti?

Answer 26

Internal rod cells

These cells help maintain the structure of the tunnel.

Question 27

What forms the outer wall of the tunnel of Corti?

Answer 27

External rod cells

They assist in supporting the overall structure of the organ of Corti.

Question 28

How many types of hair cells are in the organ of Corti?

Answer 28

Two types

The types are inner hair cells and outer hair cells.

Question 29

What is the function of the inner hair cells?

Answer 29

Primarily responsible for transmitting auditory information to the brain

They play a critical role in hearing perception.

Question 30

What is the role of outer hair cells in the organ of Corti?

Answer 30

Amplifying sound vibrations

They enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of hearing.