𝙃𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙤𝙧𝙮 Flashcards
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When did thy Australia federate??
January 1st, 1901!
Who wanted Australia to federate?
Henry Parkes, Andrew I.P, Samuel Grifith and Edmund Barton!
Reason for Federation:
Free trade, Immigration, National pride, Defence!
What is federation? (Australia)
Federation is the constitution of which the 6 colonies: NSW, QLD, TAS, WA, VIC & SA conjoined together to form our nation, Australia.
Who wrote the Tenterfield oration?
Hangry Parkes:’D!
What year was the Tenterfield oration stated?
1889!! XD
What was the Tenterfield oration vouching for?
It was the first time anyone spoke out to the public about wanting Australia to become a constitution via referendum for federation, (Henry Parkes wanted people to vote to federate by giving his famous speech)!
what’s a referendum?
A simple ‘yes’ or ‘no’ vote which is usually used to advocate change to the constitution!
What were some of the reasons against Australia’s federation?
fear of wealithier states having inequal power, loyalty to england, Unions having better wages + QLD cane farmers wanting to pay immigrants less for the same amount of labour!
What colonies didn’t join until a little while later?
A.C.T and Northern Territory!
Henry parkes:
Advocate for federation, nicknamed “founding father of Federation”. Would have been first prime minister but unfortunately passed away 3 years early of federation, leaving Edmund Barton as Australia’s first Prime minister.
Fun fact: He was a successful journalist and poet, owinng several newspapers!
Sir Samuel Griffith:
was an Australian judge and politician who served as the inaugural Chief Justice of Australia, in office from 1903 to 1919. He also served a term as Chief Justice of Queensland and two terms as Premier of Queensland, is very well known for also co-authoring the constitution bill with Andrew Inglis Clark in 1891
Fun fact: Samuel got married in 1870 to Julia Janet Thompson and with whom had 6 children.
Edmund Barton:
was an Australian statesman who served as the first prime minister of Australia from 1901 to 1903. He held office as the leader of the Protectionist Party, before resigning in 1903 to become a founding member of the High Court of Australia, on which he served until his death.
Fun fact: he was also a jurist and Barrister and was siblings with the Famed writer and Journalist, George Burnett Barton.
Andrew Inglis Clark:
Was heavily influenced by American and British costitutions when writing the draft for Australia’s constitution bill in 1891 with Sir Samuel Griffith.
Fun fact: Andrew was known to be an engineer and lawyer before becoming famous for co-authoring the constitution bill, advocating for federation with Sir Griffith.
