문법

Question 1

ㄹ 만큼

Answer 1

follows verbs and means “as much as.”

Question 2

V거든

Answer 2

When 거든 is used as a conjunction it means “if” or “when” and sets up a conditional statement. In this regard it’s a lot like the patterns -(으)면 and -다가는. But the unique thing about 거든 is that it’s almost always followed by a proposition or command.

Question 3

더라도
В прошедшем времени 았/었/했더라도 ⠀
⠀
Существительные (이)더라도

Answer 3

Данная грамматическая конструкция обозначает “даже если”. Может использоваться как с глаголами, так и с прилагательными и существительными. ⠀
⠀
⠀

Question 4

곤 하다

Answer 4

Значение: действие, которое выполняется неоднократно или регулярно

~곤 하다 - время от времени делаю
~곤 했다 - раньше обычно делал
~고는 하다 - альтернативная форма

• Эта грамматика часто используется с 곧잘 (то и дело), 자주 (часто), 가끔 (иногда).
• Работает только с глаголами действия
• Эта грамматика используется для описания того, что обычно делается, поэтому не подходит для рутинных дел (например, чистить зубы)

Question 5

V고 말다

Answer 5

Указывает на тот факт, что действие, в конечном счёте, произошло/завершилось. При этом несёт в себе нотки сожаления на тему того, что это действие произошло или что действие завершилось нежелательным образом.

Question 6

A/V/N ~ (으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 셈이다

Answer 6

~ㄴ/은 /는 셈이다 used as an expression for saying something is more or less similar to another (like/kind of).
~ㄹ /을 셈이다 indicates an intention or a plan. When someone plans to or intends to do something.

Question 7

V + (으) 나마나

Answer 7

is used to show that whether you perform the action or not, the result is the same

Question 8

A/V-아/어 봤자

Answer 8

(1) Indicate there’s no use even trying something = even if doing/being… it’s no use

• (2) Indicate what stated in the preceding clause is not great or noteworthy = even if doing/being… it won’t be that much
• Past tense can’t be used before and after A/V-아/어 봤자. However -았/었을 거예요 can be used when supposing what likely happened in the past.

Question 9

-기가 무섭게, -기가 바쁘게

Answer 9

When you say that something happens right after you do something, or even “as” you are doing it, you can say “Verb + -기가 무섭게” and then say what happened.
Verb + -기가 바쁘게
-기가 바쁘게 and -기가 무섭게 are almost always interchangeable and are used depending on personal preference. However, in everyday conversations, -기가 바쁘게 is used less commonly than -기가 무섭게 in general.
They are usually used in the past tense or the present tense(because they are descriptive of the situation.)

Question 10

V + 기만 하면

Answer 10

can be used to say either ‘whenever I do V’ — just like 을 때마다 — or ‘only if/as long as I do V’:

Question 11

N도 ~(으)ㄹ 겸 N도 ~(으)ㄹ 겸
N도 ~(으)ㄹ 겸 N도 ~(으)ㄹ 겸해서

Answer 11

Use this grammar to express at least TWO reasons or actions leading up to some action you’ve taken or decision you’ve made. Equivalent to “To do A and B, I did…”
Also: V~(으)ㄹ 겸(해서) - in this case, the speaker is choosing one of two or more intentions
- this is used to infer other intentions though not explicitly stated

Question 12

N별/별

Answer 12

is used when categorizing or grouping nouns together, roughly translating to “according to…” or “by….”

Question 13

V-(으)ㄹ거리

Answer 13

things to V