문법과 표현

Question 1

Describe an outfit or appearance in detail

Answer 1

(A(으)ㄴ/V는) N에 (A(으)ㄴ/V는) N

Question 2

Expressing disappointment

“At least expected…”

Answer 2

N(까지)는 못 돼도/아니더라도 N은/는 A/V(으)ㄹ 줄 알았다

Question 3

Doing something incompletely/haphazardly

Answer 3

V는 둥 마는 둥 (하다)

Question 4

Expressing something heard/heard often by others

“Heard that…”

Answer 4

A/V 다는 소리를/말을 듣다

N (이)라는 소리를/말을 듣다

Question 5

“Give/receive the impression that…”

Answer 5

A/V 다는 인상을 주다/받다

N (이)라는 인상을 주다/받다

Question 6

“Even if I would have to…”
“Even if I end up…”
“Even if that means I have to…”

Answer 6

V 는 한이 있어도/있더라도

Question 7

To show/display one’s aptitude/talent (at N) through/by means of

Answer 7

V 는 등 (N에) 재능(능력)을 발휘하다
N에 재능(능력)을 발휘하다

재능 = a talent one’s born with

Question 8

Used to describe professional course or journey; describing career path (3 steps)

Answer 8

N을/를 시작으로 N을/를 거쳐 N을/를 맡다/하다

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ N에서 일하고 있다

Question 9

Expressing past experience/truth

Like (으)ㄴ 적이 있다/없다 but used in formal settings and writing

Answer 9

V(으)ㄴ 바(가) 있다/없다

Question 10

Used to pose a question in the form of a statement

Expressing conjecture or wondering

Answer 10

N 인지, A (으)ㄴ지, V 는지
N 일까, A/V (으)ㄹ까,
A/V 았/었는지
“무엇, 누구, 어디”과 사용함

Question 11

“As you know/see/heard”, “as i said”

Something both speaker and audience knows

Answer 11

V 다시피
과거-았/었다시피
“보다, 듣다, 말하다, 알다”과 보통 사용함

Question 12

“All”,”everyone”

Expressing that everyone, without exception

Answer 12

너나없이 (모두)

Question 13

“Although it is”, “though it may be”

Expressing modesty, insufficiency, second choice ex

Answer 13

N(이)나마, A(으)나마, A게나마

Question 14

“Want to, ready to, willing to; intending to/going to”

Similar to V(으)려고

Answer 14

V고자

Question 15

“To/at the point of…”,”almost”,”nearly”

Negative situations

Answer 15

A/V(으)ㄹ 지경이다

Question 16

“Unable to think any longer…”; no matter how much one think there’s no special solution/only one (obvious) solution

Answer 16

생각다 못해

Question 17

Strongly express that “all, everyone”

Answer 17

N(이)란 N은/는 모두 (전부,다)

Question 18

Comparison between two things

Answer 18

A(으)ㄴ/V 는 데(에) 비해
N인 데 비해
과거; V(으)ㄴ 데 비해, (A 았/었던 데 비해)

Question 19

Express strong/ weak points, problems, particularities of something

Answer 19

N의 특징은 (문제는) A/V다는 데(에) 있다

Question 20

“One one hand… on the other”; firstly, secondly
Expressing opposite
(A/V기도 하고 A/V기도 하다)

Answer 20

A(으)ㄴ가/V는가 하면
N인가 하면

그런가 하면

Question 21

“On the other hand”; “contrary to”

는 반면에

Answer 21

A(으)ㄴ/V는 데(에) 반해

N에 반해

Question 22

“In accordance with N/V-ing”

Answer 22

V(으)ㅁ에 따라(서)

N에 따라(서)

Question 23

“On the other hand…”,”but”; expressing exception

In beginning of the sentence; in writing

Answer 23

단,

단지, 다만,

Question 24

“And”; the first noun more important then second one

Used in public/official announcements, notices, advertisements

Answer 24

N 및 N

Question 25

Expressing that survey results came out/reached/amounted to [high number]

Answer 25

Vㄴ/는다는 응답이(응답자가) N에 달하다
A다는 =||=
N이라는 =||=

Question 26

Describing a low result; “no more than”

Answer 26

N은/는 N에 그치다/불과하다

Question 27

Expressing a trend in recent times/nowadays

Answer 27

V 는 경향을 보이다, V 는 경향이 있다

Question 28

“As a (representative) example of N¹, there is N²”, “N² is a (representative) example of N¹”

Answer 28

N¹의 (대표적인) 예로 N²을/를 들다

~ N²이/가 있다

Question 29

“Except for N”, “apart from N”, “aside from/other than N”

Answer 29

N 외 (N이외)

Question 30

“While/where as N¹ is A/V/N, N² is something else/different”

Comparison

Answer 30

(N¹이/가) A다면 (N²은/는)
Vㄴ/는다면
N(이)라면

Question 31

“As stated above/below”, “like aforementioned/hereafter”

Formal; presentation and writing

Answer 31

아래와 (위와, 다음과) 같이

Question 32

Expressing reason; similar to “그러니까”
Usually followed by “-기 바랍니다” or other expressions of desire
Formal; presentation, writing and official announcements

Answer 32

V (으)오니

Question 33

“To be limited to N”,”only N is possible”; similar to “N만”

Answer 33

N에 한하여

Question 34

N plays/has an important/big role, N’s role is big/important

Answer 34

N이/가 중요한(큰) 역할을 하다, N의 역할이 중요하다(크다)

Question 35

N² is of great (big, small) importance in N¹,

N²’s relative importance in N¹ is…

Answer 35

N1에서 N²의 비중이 높다(크다, 작다, 낮다),

N¹에서 N²이/가 차지하는 비중이 높다(크다, 작다, 낮다)

Question 36

To be caused by, arise from, result from, be due to N

Answer 36

N(으)로 인해

Question 37

“Because this happened… that happened”; 1st clause is a reason or cause for 2nd, negative, clause

Answer 37

A(으)ㄴ/V 는 탓
N(의) 탓
과거; V (으)ㄴ 탓

Question 38

“All that matters is A/V”; “if A/V, that’s it/the end of it”

Answer 38

A/V(으)면 그만이다

Question 39

Same as “(으)ㄹ 뿐만 아니라”; “not only A/V, but also…”

Answer 39

A/V(으)ㄹ뿐더러

Question 40

“Doing that/this, how will you…?/you won’t be able to…”

Answer 40

이래 (그래, 저래) 가지고(서)(야)

Question 41

“Of/by V-ing”, “on account of/by V”; expressing method/means by which something is achieved

Answer 41

V(으)ㅁ으로써

= V는 것을 통해서

Question 42

“By way of/through N”; expressing means/method by which something is achieved/learned

Answer 42

N을/를 통해(서)

Question 43

“There is a A/V side to…”; describing an aspect of something (in addition to something else)

Answer 43

A(으)ㄴ/V는 면(일면)이 있다

과거; V(으)ㄴ

Question 44

“N² is a good example that shows N¹”, “N² is a good example of N¹”

Answer 44

N¹은/는 N²을/를 보여 주는 좋은(대표적인) 예이다

= N¹은/는 N²을/를 나타내는 좋은 보기이다

Question 45

“Has no limit to its A”, “incredibly/unbelievably A”
Positive or negative meaning ok
Similar to “아주 A다”

Answer 45

A기 그지없다

같은 뜻; A기가 이를 데 없다
부정적인 뜻만; A기가 짝이 없다, A기가 한이 없다

Question 46

“Because of, due to, owing to…”; reason
Mainly written language
Similar to “-아/어서”

Answer 46

A/V기에

같은 뜻; A/V(으)므로
말할때도 사용; A/V길래

Question 47

“Won’t it be A/V/N”; soft guess

Similar to “것 같다”

Answer 47

A/V지 않을까 하다(싶다), A/V이/가 아닐까 하다(싶다)

Question 48

Strong guess; “must be, can’t be wrong that, without a doubt”

Answer 48

A/V(으)ㅁ에 틀림없다
N임에 틀림없다
과거; 았/었음에 틀림없다

Question 49

“In short, to be brief, to sum up”

Answer 49

한마디로 말하자면 (말해서)

Question 50

“A/V is a characteristic/ representative feature of”

Answer 50

A(으)ㄴ/V는(다는) 점이 특징(적)이다

Question 51

Pointing out rank; “n¹ as n”

Answer 51

N을/를 N(으)로 꼽다,

N이/가 N(으)로 꼽히다