第三章 绿色植物与生物圈的水循环 Flashcards

1
Q

水分在植物体内的运输途径

A

①导管:向上输送水分和无机盐 ,导管存在部位是:木质部(在内部);

②筛管:向下输送叶片光合作用产生的有机物,筛管存在部位:韧皮部(在树皮)。

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2
Q

叶片的结构

A

表皮(分上、下表皮,有保卫细胞围成的气孔)、叶肉、叶脉

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3
Q

叶片正面的颜色比背面深的原因

A

因为栅栏组织中含有较多的叶绿体

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4
Q

“气体交换的窗口”、“蒸腾失水的门户”指的是?

A

气孔

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5
Q

气孔的作用

A

控制气体和水分的进出

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6
Q

气孔开闭原理

A

保卫细胞吸水膨胀时,气孔张开;当保卫细胞失水收缩时,气孔闭合。

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7
Q

蒸腾作用的意义

A

①拉动水和无机盐的吸收和运输;
②降低植物体叶表面的温度;
③提高空气湿度、增加降水。绿色植物通过蒸腾作用参与生物圈的水循环。

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