文法

Question 1

じゃ/ちゃ　いけない/ダメ

Answer 1

must not do 〜
ダメーcasual
いけないーmore formal
ちゃ・じゃ　coliquial for て/で　はいけない

Question 2

だけ

Answer 2

only、just、as much as

Question 3

どうして

Answer 3

why/how

Question 4

どうやって

Answer 4

how/by what means

Question 5

では　ない/ありません

Answer 5

neg．です
ないーless polite
ありませんーmore polite

Question 6

V stem 方

Answer 6

way/how to do ~

Question 7

けど／けれど／けれども

Answer 7

but
in order of politeness

Question 8

く/ぐ　らい

Answer 8

1．about、approximately
2．at least

Question 9

V1 ないで　V2

Answer 9

do verb 1 without doing verb 2

Question 10

V dictionary な

Answer 10

don’t do ~
casual

Question 11

てあげる

Answer 11

to do something for someone

Question 12

間（に）

Answer 12

Shows that something happens when something else happens
間にー a non-continuous action
間ー a continuous action (the whole period)

Question 13

V stem ながら

Answer 13

Same person did 2 things at once
Verb must be action verb

Question 14

うちに

Answer 14

During a period of time when a certain situation remains in effect
while/ before/ during
Conjunction
Better with adjectives than 間（に）

Question 15

てくれる

Answer 15

When someone does something for you or your family

Question 16

〜みたいにverb
〜みたいなもの
〜みたいなnoun

Answer 16

Do something like 〜
It’s like 〜
Someone like something

Question 17

なくちゃ／なくては　いけない／ならない／ダメ

Answer 17

you must do something
いけない - personal view on something
ならない - sense of duty or society’s rules
ダメ- casual いけない
Can be shortened to just なくちゃ

Question 18

ないと　いけない／ならない／ダメ

Answer 18

Must do

Question 19

なきゃ／なければ　なりません／ならない

Answer 19

must do

Question 20

なくて（も）いい

Answer 20

don’t have to do 〜

Question 21

にする

Answer 21

decide on doing ~~

Question 22

Name all of the ば form conjugations

Answer 22

Verbs - えば　なければ　（「ない」から）
いAdjectives - ければ　(get rid of い) なければ（「ない」から）
なadjectives and nouns - regular casual (word +)なれば Regular formal - であれば
　　　　　　　　negative casual (word +)じゃなければ　　negative formal - (word +)ではなければ　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Question 23

場合は

Answer 23

in the case of
なadjective/Nounの
いadjective/verb just on its own

Question 24

Adj. stemがる／がり
verb in たいform minus い　＋　がる

Answer 24

makes adjective a noun and the verb stem alone mean that someone has a tendency to do the adjective (shows personality)
Used to tell your thoughts/ assumptions on someone else’s desires

Question 25

はずだ
はずがない

Answer 25

Should or must be. Shows someone’s expectations
It’s impossible. Shows that someone did not expect something.

Question 26

が必要
必要がある・ない

Answer 26

Verb必要 Nounが・は　必要 i do or don’t (じゃない／ではない) need [to]
Verb必要がある・ない Nounが必要がある・ない there is (no) need [to]
Shows that something is or is not needed

Question 27

いらっしゃる

Answer 27

そんけいごの「行く・来る・いる」

Question 28

いたす

Answer 28

けんじょうごの「する」

Question 29

かどうか
か

Answer 29

whether or not
Verb/noun/adj かどうか　/ か verb

Question 30

かしら

Answer 30

女の「かな」

Question 31

かい

Answer 31

used in place of か particle to make a yes or no question
Very direct so it is only used in very casual settings

Question 32

かも／かもしれない／かもしれません

Answer 32

Perhaps or maybe
put in order of casualness

Question 33

頃

Answer 33

Around the time when—
ごろ - reading when the noun is a time noun
ころ - reading when the noun is not a time noun

Question 34

ことができる

Answer 34

used to show you can do a verb
Make sure verb is in the casual non-past tense

Question 35

ことになる

Answer 35

It turns out that (meaning)
used to show that a verb happened or was caused by some outside force

Question 36

ことにする

Answer 36

Used to show your will when doing and action
To decide on

Question 37

adverbial formする
く／に　する

Answer 37

Used to show something being made like the adjective
Ex: 早くしろ。Hurry up.

Question 38

急に

Answer 38

Suddenly abruptly
Adverb

Question 39

または

Answer 39

polite version of か meaning ‘or’
Can mean ‘or’ or both

Question 40

も（時間コンテクスト）

Answer 40

Put before a noun of time to mean ‘as much as’ or ‘up to’

Question 41

Noun など

Answer 41

things like —

Question 42

なかなか— ない

Answer 42

to struggle to do a verb

Question 43

noun/verb/adjectiveなら

Answer 43

if
Used to make hypothetical situations with anything

Question 44

なさる

Answer 44

そんけいごの「する」

Question 45

に気がつく
に気づく

Answer 45

to realized something

Question 46

V stem+上げる／上がる

Answer 46

To do ～up
上がる is the intransitive form

Question 47

あまり／あんまり～ない

Answer 47

Not very ～

Question 48

あんまり／あまり（に（も））　verb or adjective

Answer 48

Too much/ far too
Positive form of adjective ／verb に　makes it adverbial. And にも　is adverbial with emphasis

Question 49

～あまり

Answer 49

～to the point that ~
Usually used with a negative outcome
Verb or いadjective
Noun+の
なAdjective+な

Question 50

当たり

Answer 50

Per~
used with counter then a number

Question 51

予定だ

Answer 51

Plan to
予定から (meaning an intention or plan)

Question 52

ようだ

Answer 52

it seems/ looks like
自分の考えで
Noun + の
なAdj + な

Question 53

ようだ/ように/ような

Answer 53

みたい but casual

Question 54

そうだ

Answer 54

I heard that
It is said that
Noun/なadj + だ

Question 55

そうだ

Answer 55

looks like
Appears like
Word stem (for verbs and adjectives without い+る) + そうだ
Nothing with nouns and な adjectives + そうだ
negative conjugation = なさそうだ

Question 56

そうに・そうな

Answer 56

to appear doing or is —
にーadverbial form of そうだ same conjugations
なーadjectival form of そうだ

Question 57

たばかり

Answer 57

something just happened
Focuses on how speaker feels

Question 58

たところ

Answer 58

(Literally) just or recently did something
Cannot modify noun (cuz ところ is a noun)

Question 59

V stem 合う

Answer 59

to do something together or with / to each other

Question 60

ば〜ほど

Answer 60

The more — the more —
Ba form verb or i adj
noun and na adj + なら（ば）or であれば

Question 61

せっかく〜のに

Answer 61

Even though i went out of my way to —
After all my effort —
Expresses disappointment

Question 62

〜　のに

Answer 62

even though, or something is enexpected
It is なのに after nouns and na adj.
Expresses disappointment