实验考试 Flashcards

1
Q

慢性肺淤血镜下表现

A

肺泡间隔毛细血管扩张淤血,肺泡增宽。肺泡腔内可有红细胞和水中液。肺泡内也充满了大量吞噬棕褐色含铁血黄素颗粒的巨噬细胞称“心力衰竭细胞”。

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2
Q

风湿性心肌炎镜下病理变化

A

心肌间质内小血管附近出现风湿小体(风湿性肉芽肿)。风湿小体略呈梭形,其中心有纤维素样坏死灶,有圆形和梭形大细胞,其胞质嗜碱性蓝染,胞核大,核仁明显呈现枭眼状的风湿细胞。有少量淋巴细胞,单核细胞浸润。

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3
Q

小叶性肺炎镜下病理变化

A

细支气管充血,水中并有大量中性粒细胞浸润,管内充满中性粒细胞及脱落崩解的黏膜上皮。细支气管周围肺泡腔内也充满中性粒细胞,少量红细胞和脱落肺泡上皮细胞。病灶周围肺组织充血,有浆液渗出,部分肺泡过度扩张(代偿性气肿)。

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4
Q

门脉性肝硬化镜下病理变化

A

肝细胞被增生的结缔组织分割成大小不等的图块,即假小叶。假小叶干细胞索排列紊乱,中央静脉偏位,多个或缺如。假小叶内可见脂肪变性,坏死的肝细胞及多核的再生肝细胞。增生的纤维间隔中有淋巴细胞和单核细胞浸润。还有增生的小胆管,有些胆管没有管腔。

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5
Q

慢性硬化性肾小球肾炎的镜下病理变化

A

有部分肾小球呈玻璃样变,肾小管萎缩消失。肾间质纤维组织增生,伴有淋巴细胞浸润,残存肾小球代偿性肥大,其所属肾小管扩张。由于间质中纤维组织的收缩,使病变的肾小球互相靠近密集,出现"肾小球集中"现象。这种蒌缩硬化变化与代偿性肥大扩张变化相错的现象为本型肾炎的镜下特征。

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6
Q

慢性肺淤血的诱因

A

左心衰竭时发生肺淤血。

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7
Q
A

慢性肺淤血

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8
Q
A

门脉性肝硬化

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9
Q
A

小叶性肺炎

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10
Q
A

风湿性心肌炎

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11
Q
A

慢性硬化性肾小球肾炎

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12
Q
A

肝脂肪变性

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