宏观单词 Flashcards
Aggregate
总的,
譬如aggregate demand,总需求
expand
扩张,动词
expansion 是名词
expense
花费,
Expense on luxury
Expense on housing 等
sticky
粘性。在经济中,意思是不轻易变
sticky wage
expansionary
扩张的。expand的形容词,一般用来形容fiscal和monetary policy
expansionary的反义词
contractionary,收缩的
exist
存在,是动词
this thing doesn’t exist
exit
退出,是动词
Britain exit ,缩写Brexit,说的退欧
fraction
占比,例句
A fraction of my income is spent on….
fraction of GDP
rational
理智的。经济里的假设,理智的就是自私的
altruism
利他性。就是无私奉献行为
Optimistic
乐观的
I feel optimistic about….
Optimistic 的反义词
Pessimistic, 悲观的
overly
过分地
price is overly high - 价格过分地高
fiscal policy
财政政策。包括government spending + tax + transfer payment
monetary policy
货币政策,controlled by the central bank
i,MS,reserve ratio,OMO,availability of credit
Milton Friedman
认为MP有用的那个人
Marx
马克思。认为历史充满conflict,forces那个人
Adam Smith
核心观点:rational agent;division of labour; free market
Keynes
认为FP有用; 人都是动物,animal spirit,overly optimistic and pessimis
Monetarist
认为MP对GDP提高有用的那个学派
Friedman is a monetarist
natural rate of output
Yn。就是PPC线上对应的GDP
natural rate of unemployment
Un。就是PPC上对应的level of unemployment, 包括frictional 和 structural
inverse
反过来的,反比的
inverse relationship between X and Y: X和Y成反比
X和Y呈正比关系
positive relationship between X and Y
reduce
减少
reduce consumption: 消费减少
减少的名词形式:
reduction
corruption
贪污
e..g a high level of corruption = very corrupted = 很多贪污
形容词:corrupted
动词:corrupt