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宏观单词 Flashcards

1
Q

Aggregate

A

总的，

譬如aggregate demand，总需求

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2
Q

expand

A

扩张，动词

expansion 是名词

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3
Q

expense

A

花费，
Expense on luxury
Expense on housing 等

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4
Q

sticky

A

粘性。在经济中，意思是不轻易变

sticky wage

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5
Q

expansionary

A

扩张的。expand的形容词，一般用来形容fiscal和monetary policy

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6
Q

expansionary的反义词

A

contractionary，收缩的

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7
Q

exist

A

存在，是动词

this thing doesn’t exist

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8
Q

exit

A

退出，是动词

Britain exit ，缩写Brexit，说的退欧

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9
Q

fraction

A

占比，例句
A fraction of my income is spent on….

fraction of GDP

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10
Q

rational

A

理智的。经济里的假设，理智的就是自私的

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11
Q

altruism

A

利他性。就是无私奉献行为

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12
Q

Optimistic

A

乐观的

I feel optimistic about….

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13
Q

Optimistic 的反义词

A

Pessimistic, 悲观的

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14
Q

overly

A

过分地

price is overly high - 价格过分地高

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15
Q

fiscal policy

A

财政政策。包括government spending + tax + transfer payment

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16
Q

monetary policy

A

货币政策，controlled by the central bank

i，MS，reserve ratio，OMO，availability of credit

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17
Q

Milton Friedman

A

认为MP有用的那个人

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18
Q

Marx

A

马克思。认为历史充满conflict，forces那个人

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19
Q

Adam Smith

A

核心观点：rational agent;division of labour; free market

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20
Q

Keynes

A

认为FP有用; 人都是动物，animal spirit，overly optimistic and pessimis

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21
Q

Monetarist

A

认为MP对GDP提高有用的那个学派

Friedman is a monetarist

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22
Q

natural rate of output

A

Yn。就是PPC线上对应的GDP

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23
Q

natural rate of unemployment

A

Un。就是PPC上对应的level of unemployment, 包括frictional 和 structural

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24
Q

inverse

A

反过来的，反比的

inverse relationship between X and Y： X和Y成反比

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25
X和Y呈正比关系
positive relationship between X and Y
26
reduce
减少 | reduce consumption: 消费减少
27
减少的名词形式：
reduction
28
corruption
贪污 e..g a high level of corruption = very corrupted = 很多贪污 形容词：corrupted 动词：corrupt
29
restrict
限制， | restriction investment - 限制投资
30
trend
趋势 形容词 trendy the trend is that..... 趋势是.... Tiktok is trendy - tiktok很流行 Economic trend - 经济的趋势
31
intensive economic growth
real GDP per head ↑
32
NAIRU
non accelerating inflation rate of unemployment, 就是Natural rate of unemplyment 就是PPC线上对应的那个unemployment，包括frictional + structural
33
retire
动词，退休 People retire at the age of 65. retirement age 退休年龄
34
exit
出口，退出 | Brexit, 就是英国脱欧的缩写，因为英国是britain
35
exist
存在。动词 this thing doesn't exist There exists .... 名词形式：existence
36
medium
媒介。 | 经济常见于 Medium of exchange, 讲的是money的功能之一是 exchange的medium，交换的媒介
37
store of value
store：保存 | 所以是价值保存的意思。也是money的4个function之一
38
deferred
延迟的 | standard of deferred payment, money的4大功能之一
39
reserves
商业银行存在Fed的钱 | central bank reserves， M0=reserves+currency
40
deposits
存款
41
demand deposits
活期存款，属于M1 | M1 = demand deposit + checkable deposit + money market mutual fund + currency
42
mutual fund
基金
43
checkable deposits
活期存款，属于M1 | M1 = demand deposit + checkable deposit + money market mutual fund + currency
44
time deposits
定期存款，属于M2 | M2 = M1 + savings deposit + money market mutual fund
45
money market mutual funds
货币基金，属于M2 | M2 = M1 + savings deposit + money market mutual fund
46
open market operation
Fed买卖国债，改变reserves的量
47
velocity
速度 | The velocity of money is often stable.
48
stable
稳定的 | velocity of money is often stable.
49
quantity theory of money
指的是MV=PY这条公式
50
money neutrality
根据MV=PY 这条 quantity theory of money的公式， V和Y不变的时候，印钱就是通胀
51
inflation is a money phenomenon
印钱就是通胀
52
lag
滞后
53
information lag
得到消息慢 | 一般用在批评 fiscal policy的有效性时用
54
recognition lag
懂这个消息的意思慢。 | 也是fiscal policy的不够有限的原因
55
decision lag
做决定慢 | fiscal policy又慢又可能无效的原因之一
56
implementation lag
执行慢 | fiscal policy又慢又可能无效的原因之一
57
aggressive
比较猛的：aggressive MP/FP
58
recession
经济衰退 | 一般组合：economic recession
59
legislator
政策制定者 | 跟 policy makers 一个意思
60
assess V.S. access
前面的是动词，评估 assess your performance; assess economic situation 后面的是渠道，the access to education / healthcare
61
effecitve
有效的 more effective less effective
62
appropriate
合适的 | appropriate policy
63
adopt
采用. 动词 | adopt FP/MP
64
Phillips curve
inflation rate和unemployment rate反着来的那条线，x轴是employment rate
65
expected
预期的 | SRAS, SRPC is based on a certain expected inflation
66
realised
实现的、实际的，=actual的意思 | If economy is at LRAS, realised inflation = expected inflation
67
barriers
障碍 | trade barriers
68
protectionism
保护主义 | trade protectionism
69
exchange rate
汇率，每一个人民币能换多少美金=exchange rate of RMB in dollars
70
appreciate
汇率上升
71
depreciate
汇率下降

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