外科 Flashcards

1
Q

A

热毒蕴结;黄连解毒汤+五味消毒饮
暑热浸淫;清暑汤
体虚毒恋,阴虚内热;增液汤+仙方活命饮
体虚毒恋,脾胃虚弱;五神汤+参苓白术散

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2
Q

A

颜面部疔疮
热毒蕴结;五味消毒饮+黄连解毒汤
火毒炽盛;五味消毒饮+黄连解毒汤+犀角地黄汤

手足部疔疮
火毒凝结;五味消毒饮+黄连解毒汤
热胜肉腐;五味消毒饮+透脓散
湿热下注;五神汤+萆薢渗湿汤

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3
Q

A

火毒炽盛;仙方活命饮
热胜肉腐;仙方活命饮+五味消毒饮
气血两虚;托里消毒散

颈痈-风热痰毒;牛蒡解肌汤/银翘散
腋痈-肝郁痰火;柴胡清肝汤
脐痈-湿热火毒;黄连解毒汤+四苓散
脐痈-脾气虚弱;四君子汤+托里透脓散
委中毒-气滞血瘀;活血散瘀汤
委中毒-湿热蕴阻;活血散瘀汤+五神汤
委中毒-气血亏虚;八珍汤
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4
Q

有头疽

A

火毒凝结;仙方活命饮+黄连解毒汤
湿热壅滞;仙方活命饮
阴虚火炽;竹叶黄芪汤
气虚毒滞;仙方活命饮+八珍汤

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5
Q

丹毒

A

风热毒蕴;普济消毒饮
肝脾湿火;柴胡清肝汤,龙胆泻肝汤,化斑解毒汤
湿热毒蕴;五神汤+萆薢渗湿汤
胎火蕴毒;犀角地黄汤+黄连解毒汤

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6
Q

瘰疬

A

气滞痰凝;逍遥散+二陈汤
阴虚火旺;知柏地黄丸
气血两虚;香贝养荣汤

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7
Q

乳痈

A

气滞热壅;瓜蒌牛蒡汤
热毒炽盛;透脓散 加味
正虚毒恋;托里消毒散

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8
Q

乳癖

A

肝郁痰凝;逍遥蒌贝散

冲任失调;二仙汤+四物汤

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9
Q

乳岩

A
肝郁痰凝;神效瓜蒌散+开郁散
冲任失调;二仙汤+开郁散
正虚毒恋;八珍汤
气血两虚;人参养荣汤 加味
脾胃虚弱;参苓白术散/理中汤
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10
Q

气瘿

A

肝郁气滞;四海舒郁丸

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11
Q

肉瘿

A

气滞痰凝;逍遥散+海藻玉壶汤

气阴两虚;生脉散+海藻玉壶汤

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12
Q

肉瘤

A

气郁痰凝;化坚二陈丸+十全流气饮

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13
Q

1)热疮

成群水泡,有的互相融合,1周痊愈,反复发作
皮肤粘膜交界处
瘙痒 灼热 疼痛

A

肺胃热盛;竹叶石膏汤+辛夷清肺饮
湿热下注;龙胆泻肝汤+板蓝根,紫草,玄胡
阴虚内热;增液汤+板蓝根,紫草,马齿苋,石斛,生薏苡仁

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14
Q

2)蛇串疮

丘疹,水泡,沿一侧周围神经分布区出现,排列成带状
刺痛明显
2周痊愈,老人3-4 周
不易反复

A

肝经郁热;龙胆泻肝汤+板蓝根,紫草,玄胡
脾虚湿蕴;除湿胃苓汤
气滞血瘀;柴胡疏肝散+桃红四物汤

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15
Q

3)疣

A

疣目
风热血燥;治瘊方+板蓝根,夏枯草
湿热血瘀;马齿苋合剂+薏苡仁,冬瓜仁,丹皮

扁疣
风热蕴结;马齿苋合剂+板蓝根,木贼草,郁金,浙贝母
热瘀互结;桃红四物汤+板蓝根,紫草,马齿苋,浙贝母,薏苡仁

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16
Q

4)风热疮

躯干出现玫瑰红色母斑,糠秕样脱屑,继而出现较多,形态相仿而较小的子斑

躯干,四肢多见

灼热痒痛

A

风热蕴肤;消风散+白僵皮,紫荆皮

风热血燥;凉血消风散+水牛角粉,牡丹皮

17
Q

5)癣

白色鳞屑

A
风湿毒聚;消风散+地肤子,白鲜皮,威灵仙/苦参汤+白鲜皮,威灵仙
湿热下注;
1.湿重于热;萆薢渗湿汤
2.湿热兼瘀;五神汤
3.湿热并重;龙胆泻肝汤
18
Q

6)湿疮

对称分布,多形损害,剧烈瘙痒,渗出倾向,反复发作,易成慢性

A

湿热蕴肤;龙胆泻肝汤+萆薢渗湿汤
脾虚湿蕴;除湿胃苓汤/参苓白术散+紫荆皮,地肤子,白鲜皮
血虚风燥;当归饮子/四物消风饮+丹参,鸡血藤,乌梢蛇

19
Q

7)接触性皮炎

明显病因,接触史
边界清楚
红斑,丘疹,疱疹,水泡
一时期为一种皮损为主

A

风热蕴肤;消风散+紫荆花,僵蚕
湿热毒蕴;龙胆泻肝汤+化斑解毒汤
血虚风燥;当归饮子+消风散

20
Q

8)药毒

A

湿毒蕴肤;萆薢渗湿汤/龙胆泻肝汤
热毒入营;清营汤
气阴两虚;增液汤+益胃汤

21
Q

9)风骚痒

无明显原发性皮肤损害,
阵发性瘙痒,搔抓后出现抓痕,血痂,苔藓样变

局限性:肛门,阴部
泛发性:全身

A

风热血热;消风散+四物汤
湿热内蕴;龙胆泻肝汤
血虚肝旺;当归饮子

22
Q

10)瘾疹

瘙痒性风团,发无定处,骤现骤退Zhou, 退后不留痕迹

A

风寒束表;桂枝麻黄各半汤
风热犯表;消风散
胃肠湿热;防风通圣散
血虚风燥;当归引子

23
Q

11)牛皮癣

圆形或多角形的扁平丘疹,融合成片,瘙痒,搔抓后皮沟较深,苔藓样变

A

肝郁化火;龙胆泻肝汤
风湿蕴肤;消风散
血虚风燥;当归饮子

24
Q

12)白庀

红斑基础上覆盖多层松散银白色鳞屑,剥落出现薄膜和露水珠样点状出血

A

血热内蕴;犀角地黄汤+消风散
血虚风燥;当归饮子
气血瘀滞;桃红四物汤

脓疱型-湿毒蕴积;萆薢渗湿汤
关节型-风寒湿痹;独活寄生汤+桂枝芍药知母汤
红皮型-火毒炽盛;清瘟败毒饮

25
Q

13)白驳风

A

肝郁气滞;消风散
肝肾不足;六味地黄汤
气血瘀滞;通窍活血汤

26
Q

14)黧黑斑

A

肝郁气滞;消风散
肝肾不足;六味地黄丸
脾虚湿蕴;参苓白术散
气滞血瘀;桃红四物汤

27
Q

15)粉刺

颜面,胸,背部
丘疹,脓疱
挤出白米碎样物

可伴黑头粉刺

A

肺经风热;枇杷清肺饮
肠胃湿热;茵陈蒿汤
痰湿瘀滞;二陈汤+桃红四物汤

28
Q

酒齄鼻

鼻尖,鼻翼,面颊,前额

患处潮红,充血,毛细血管扩张

A

肺胃热盛;枇杷清肺饮
热毒蕴肤;黄连解毒汤+凉血四物汤
气滞血瘀;通窍活血汤

29
Q

红蝴蝶疮

A
热毒炽盛;犀角地黄汤+黄连解毒汤
阴虚火旺;六味地黄丸+大补阴丸,清骨散
脾肾阳虚;附桂八味丸+真武汤
脾虚肝旺;四君子汤+丹栀逍遥散
气滞血瘀;逍遥散+血府逐瘀汤
30
Q

内痔

A

风伤肠络;凉血地黄汤
湿热下注;脏连丸
气滞血瘀;止痛如神汤
脾虚气陷;补中益气汤

31
Q

外痔

A

湿热蕴结;止痛如神汤
湿热下注;萆薢化毒汤+活血散瘀汤
血热瘀结;凉血地黄汤

32
Q

子痈

A

湿热下注;枸橘汤/龙胆泻肝汤

气滞痰凝;橘核丸

33
Q

男性不育症

A
肾阳虚衰;五子衍宗丸+金匮肾气丸
肾阴不足;五子衍宗丸+左归丸
肝郁气滞;五子衍宗丸+柴胡疏肝散
湿热下注;程氏萆薢分清饮
气血两虚;十全大补汤
34
Q

精癃

A
湿热下注;八正散
脾肾气虚;补中益气汤+菟丝子,肉苁蓉,补骨脂,车前子
气滞血瘀;沉香散
肾阴亏虚;知柏地黄汤+丹参,琥珀,王不留行,地龙
肾阳不足;济生肾气丸
35
Q

臁疮

A

湿热下注;二妙丸+五神汤

气虚血瘀;四妙汤+补阳还五汤