基礎 Flashcards

1
Q

GFRの調整

A

緻密斑による濾液量の減少(Cl-低下)を感知・傍糸球体細胞が輸入細動脈圧(壁の進展)の低下を感知→傍糸球体細胞がレニンを分泌→アンジオテンシン2が輸出細動脈を収縮させる

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2
Q

ループ利尿薬の作用部位

A

Henle上行脚

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3
Q

サイアザイド作用部位

A

遠位尿細管近位部

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4
Q

スピロノラクトン作用部位

A

集合管

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5
Q

正常尿量

A

800‐1500mL

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6
Q

多尿の鑑別

A

高張尿→糖尿病、輸液
等張尿→腎不全
低張尿→電解質異常(低K、高Ca)、尿崩症、尿細管障害
*尿比重:1.002‐1.030

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7
Q

Selectivity indexとは

A

IgGクリアランス/トランスフェリンクリアランス >0.2で低選択性で、ネフローゼ症候群の微小変化群以外・ステロイド抵抗性を示唆

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8
Q

血尿と鑑別する病態

A

ヘモグロビン尿(血管内溶血)、ミオグロビン尿(横紋筋融解症(悪性高熱症@麻酔薬など))

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9
Q

腎血流量

A

1100mL/分 心拍出量の1/4

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10
Q

近位尿細管機能障害の評価

A

β2MG検査

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11
Q

遠位尿細管機能障害の評価

A

Fishberg濃縮試験 水制限してAVPを分泌させ、水吸収を見る

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12
Q

腎CTの目的

A

腎の腫瘍と嚢腫の鑑別、尿路の閉塞性病変の診断

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