咳嗽 Flashcards

1
Q

咳嗽的定义

A

咳嗽是指肺失宣降、肺气上逆作声,咯吐痰液而言,为肺系疾病的主要证候之一。有声无痰为咳,无声有痰为嗽。

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2
Q

咳嗽的病因

A
  1. 外感六淫

2. 内邪干肺

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3
Q

咳嗽的病机

A

病位 :肺 与 肝、脾、久则 肾

病机:邪犯与肺,肺气上逆

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4
Q

风寒袭肺

A

治法:疏风散寒,宣肺止咳
方药:三拗汤 或 止嗽散

麻黄、杏仁、甘草、百部、紫菀、前胡、白前、桔梗、甘草、荆芥、陈皮

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5
Q

风热犯肺

A

治法:疏风清热,宣肺止咳
方药:桑菊饮

桑叶、菊花、桔梗、杏仁、连翘、芦根、甘草、薄荷

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6
Q

风燥伤肺

A

治法:疏风清热,润燥止咳
方药:桑杏汤

桑叶、杏仁、浙贝母、沙参、栀子、豆豉、梨皮

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7
Q

痰湿蕴肺

A

治法:燥湿化痰,理气止咳
方药:二陈平胃散三子养亲汤

陈皮、半夏、茯苓、甘草、苍术、厚朴、莱菔子、白芥子、苏子

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8
Q

痰热郁肺

A

治法:清热肃肺,豁痰止咳
方药:清金化痰汤

黄芩、栀子、桔梗、麦冬、桑叶、贝母、知母、瓜蒌、陈皮、茯苓、甘草

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9
Q

肝火犯肺

A

治法:清肺泻肝,顺气降火
方药:黛蛤散 合 加减泻白散

青黛、蛤壳、桑白皮、地骨皮、甘草、粳米

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10
Q

肺阴亏耗

A

治法:滋阴润肺,化痰止咳
方药:沙参麦冬汤

沙参、麦冬、扁豆、甘草、桑白皮、玉竹、天花粉、甘草

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