博弈论 Flashcards

0
Q

纳什均衡

A

策略组合,由所有参与人的最优策略组成

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1
Q

博弈基本构成要素

A

参与人,行动,策略,信息,支付(得失函数),均衡

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2
Q

占优策略与劣策略

A

不论其他参与人数选择什么,最优策略唯一;劣策略的收益比任何其他策略都差

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3
Q

混合策略

A

参与人随机选择其行动

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4
Q

如何计算混合均衡

A

“无论别人做什么我都最优”-“别人高价时我的p=他低价时我的p”

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5
Q

古诺模型假设

A

双寡头同质,产量-max利润,串谋X,MC常数,线性D

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6
Q

古诺模型计算

A

“P~Q函数”“Q1+Q2=Q”-“TR=PQ=xxQ”-“MR=xQ”-“MR =MC”-“Q1=xxQ2”

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7
Q

共谋的古诺模型

A

先算出总产量Q,再半儿劈,最终利润比没共谋高

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8
Q

伯川德模型假设

A

双寡头同质,价格竞争,无FC且MC相同,同时决策不串谋

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9
Q

战略承诺特点

A

可见性,可理解性,可置信性(关键在于不可逆转性)

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10
Q

重复博弈特征

A

过去历史可观察,档期策略影响未来结果,关心整体总得益

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11
Q

重复博弈结论

A

最有策略可能跟一次性不同;可能出现合作

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12
Q

重复博弈的行动最优规则

A

针锋相对相对策略:下一轮用对方的策略回应

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13
Q

求解重复博弈

A

逆向归纳法:从最后一个阶段开始分析

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