⚡️ Flashcards by Diego Contreras

What are the 7 fundamental and 2 supplementary units used in the SI standard

Fundamental
1. Length
2. Mass
3. Time
4. Electrical current
5. Temperature
6. Luminous Intensity
7. Amount of Substance

Supplementary units
1. Plane angle
2. Solid Angle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the electrical quantities (11)

Capacitance
Charge
Conductance
Energy (work)
Frequency
Impedance
Inductance
Power
Reactance
Resistance
Voltage

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the magnetic quantities (6)

Magnetic field intensity
Magnetic flux
Magnetic flux density
Magnetomotive force
Permeability
Reluctance

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is scientific notation

Quantities as a product of a number between 1-10 and a power of 10

(150,000 = 1.5 x10^5) (0.00022 = 2.2 x 10^-4 )

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is engineering notation ?

A number can have from 1-3 digits to the left of the decimal point and the power of 10 must be a multiple of 3

(82,000 = 82 x 10^3), (243,000 = 243 x 10^3) , (1,956,000 = 1.956 x 10^3 )

(0.0022 = 2.2 x 10^-3), (0.000000047 = 47 x 10^-9)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pico (p) is what value ?

10^-12 or Trillionth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nano (n) is what value?

10^-9 or Billionth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Micro ( u) is what value

10^-6 or Millionth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Milli (m) is what value?

10^-3 or Thousandth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Kilo (k) is what value ?

10^3 or thousand

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mega (M) is what value ?

10^6 or million

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Giga (G) is what value ?

10^9 or Billion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tera (T) is what value ?

10^12 or Trillion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the 3 rules for metric unit conversions ?

Determine how far to move the decimal by determining the difference of the powers of 10
If it’s larger to smaller move decimal to the RIGHT
If it’s smaller to larger move decimal to the LEFT

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

All matter is made of atoms, all atoms have…(3)

Protons, neutrons, and electrons (planetary structure)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How are elements arranged in the periodic table ?

The atomic number ; number of protons in the nucleus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Electrons orbit the nucleus at certain _________ electrons further from the nucleus are at higher energy levels. Electrons at the highest energy levels exist in the _______ _____ . These electrons are called _______ _________.

Distances
Valence Shell
Valence Electrons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When high energy electrons escape the atom becoming a ____ electron. Once this happens it can be influenced by an ________ or ________ field.

Free
Electric
Magnetic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Why is copper the most commonly used metal in electric applications ?

29 electrons orbit the nucleus in 4 shells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are conductors ? (+1what is the best conductor)

Material that allow current usually due to a high number of valence electrons.

SILVER

What are semi conductors ? (+2 common materials ?)

Material with fewer valence electrons about only 4. They carry current worse than conductors.

Silicon and Germanium

What are Insulators ? ( +1 for naming a material )

Material that are poor conductors of electric current . No free electrons . Mostly used to prevent current where it is not wanted.

Glass

Electrical charge exists because of an ______ or _________ of electrons

Excess
Deficiency

(Static electricity is the presence of a net positive or net negative charge in material)

It is the ________ _____ that exerts force on another charge

Electric Field

Materials with charges of opposite polarity are _________ to each other, and materials with charges of the same polarity are ________

1. Attracted 2. Repelled

What law describes the force between two point charges, stating that the force is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them?

Coulombs Law ; Bigger charges = bigger force , Closer charges = stronger force Charges are like magnets either pushing or pulling away from one another The strength of the push or pulling depends on the size of the charges. The distance matters, the force doesn’t change liberally it changes fast. Force gets 4 times weaker when the distance doubles .

Electrical Charge (Q) is measured in ________ (_)

Coulombs (C)

What is the equation for total charge ?

Q= n x e N = number of electrons E= (1.6 x 10^-19C)

What is 1 Volt defined as

One volt is defined as the amount of electric potential difference or electromotive force that will move one coulomb of charge with one joule of energy. Volt = W (work/ energy) 1 Joule ___________________. ____________ Q (charge). 1 Coulomb

What is electrical current ?

The rate of flow of charge ( number of electrons flowing past a point in a unit of time ) *I* (in Amps) = Q ( Charge;in coulombs ) _____________________________ t (time; in seconds)

When there is current in a conductor, ____ _________ collide with atoms. Sometimes causing a ____of some energy. This restriction is called __________

1. Free electron 2. Loss 3. Resistance

What is the opposite of resistance ? (+1 what is the equation and SI unit )

Conductance (G) - measures the ease of which current is established G = 1/R Siemens

In a 4 band resistor code what are the rules to reading them (4)

1st digit = first number of resistance value 2nd digit = second number of resistance value 3rd digit= number of zeros ( multiplier ) 4th digit = percent tolerance

What is the 4 band resistor code ?

0-black +/- 5% = gold 1-brown +/- 10% = silver 2-red 3-orange 4-yellow 5-green 6-blue 7-violet 8-gray 9-white

In a 5 band resistor code what are the rules to reading them (4+ 5+)

1st band = first number 2nd band = second number 3rd band = third number 4th band = number of 0’s (multiplayer) ( 0.1= gold and .001 =silver) 5th band = tolerance ( +/- 2% = red +/- 1% = brown +/- .5% = green +/- .25% = blue +/- 0.1 % = violet )

What are the 5 band color codes

0-black 1-brown 2-red 3-orange 4-yellow 5-green 6-blue 7-violet 8-gray 9-white

What are all three forms of Ohm’s Law ?

1. *I*=V/R 2. V=*I*R 3. R=V/*I* (2 divide and 1 multiply )

Energy is the ability to do ____ and power is the ____ at which ______ is ____

1. Work 2. Rate 3. Energy 4. Used

What are the 3 equations for power ?

1. P=*I^2* R 2. P=V*I* 3. P=V^2/R

What tells you the amount of heat a resistor can give off before damage ?

Power rating

When electrons give off heat as it moves through material / resistors is called ?

Voltage drop

Devices that convert energy from one form to another (usually AC to DC ) are called ?

Power supplies

What is the equation for voltage drop ?

*I* x R

When adding the algebraic sum of multiply voltages, the ________ of all the sources must be included ( _) or (_)

Polarity (-) (+)

The direction of voltage can also be referred to as

Polarity

The law that states the sum of voltage drops equals total source voltage is

Kirchhoffs Law

Voltage _____ always have ________ __________ to the source voltage polarity.

Drops Opposite Polarities

An adjustable resistor with 3 terminals

Potentiometer