طهارة Flashcards
Definition of tahara
linguistically = purification Technically = To raise of from yourself the state of ritual impurity that is (called ‘hadth’ in the shari’ah) and the physical impurity and whatever comes under those two.
Define Hadth & what are the types
Hadth - a state of ritual impurity as apposed to physical impurity that you can see
[splits into two]
1. Hadth Asqar - minor hadth - person has needs to do wuhdu
2. Hadth ul Akbar - major hadth - person has needs to do guhsl
What are some of the reasons why we learn about purification
Purifying yourself is from the things that makes Allah love you
Virtues of wudhu
When a person is constantly in a state of wudhu it’s a protection for him by Allah swt
Allah removes your sins through it
What do we use for purification
water
Seven types of water you can use to purify yourself
- water from sky
- water sea - hadith of prophet (saw)
- water from rivers
- wells
- springs
- water from snow
- water from ice
OR all types of water that is known as water and is pure is allowed to be used for purification
What are the types/categories of water
- Water that is pure in and of itself - if it goes on your clothing you don’t have to wash it off, can use to cook food, It purifies (meaning you can use it for wudhu and ghusl) not disliked.
- Water that is pure but it is makruh - e.g, water that is wrapped in foil and has been in the sun.
The reason why imam as shafi’i disliked it is because he believed that it causes leprocy - goes back to knowledge of medicine. So if a doctor says it causes a diseases, then you take the same ruling - Pure water, but you can’t use it to purify yourself -
A) Water that has been previously used. Evidence: prophet saw said the persons sins is taken away with each droplet of water
B) Water that has been changed by pure substances e.g, orange juice, rose water, coconut water etc - Water that is impure (najis) - Impure in and within itself, if it goes on your clothing, you have to wash it off before you pray and you cant use it to do wudhu
What is the foundation ruling for water
ALL WATER IS PURE unless you know that it is impure.
- Nothing takes away that certainty except certainty.
What is ‘khulatan’
‘khulatan’ = Anything that is more than a lot of water
Al Khul’a is a measurement
* 2 is approx 190litres of water
If it is above 190 litres of water it is considered a lot of water and vice versa.
What are the three situations that can occur if an impure substance falls into water
- Either the water is more than khulatan and doesn’t change - so impure substance doesn’t change the water (same taste and smell). So water is still PURE.
- Impure substance falls into water which is above khulatan but the urine changed the whole colour/taste or smell of the water - in that case the water is IMPURE even though it’s above khulatan.
- If the water is below khulatan, any amount of impurity falls into it, even if it doesn’t or does change - it is still IMPURE
Definition of impurity
Anything that is considered to be impure by the shari’ah, so anything that society see’s as impure is not taken into account e.g, salavia.
Things that are impure
- All types of blood
- Any dead animal that hasn’t been slaughtered islamically e.g, roadkill = impure and can’t eat it
- Pus (comes from blood)
- All dogs and pigs (whether they are alive or dead)
- Any liquid intoxicant e.g, alcohol
- Milk of animals that are not eaten - diff of opinion - e.g, donkeys - basically animals that canines
- Hair of a mayt
Define الْمَيْتَةَ [mayt]
Any dead animal that hasn’t been slaughtered islamically
Use of gold & silver as utensils
It is not allowed for you to use gold or silver as utensils and it is allowed for you to use any other type of utensil.
Categories for usage of golf and silver
- Not allowed to be used by anyone - using gold/silver as utensils or any other usage (e.g decor, spoons, painting etc)
- That which is allowed for women but not men - Gold jewellery according to the customs of the women in her society. Men are not allowed to wear gold - Hadith of prophet (SAW).
- That which is allowed for men AND women - A) silver jewellery according to the customs of the people in their society. Prophet (saw) used to have a ring of silver
B) When there is a haj’ah (need) - e.g, someones tooth broke so they put in a gold tooth to replace it
What is the miswaak?
- root from arak tree
* branch of any tree comes after that - but it is not considered to be the same as the arak tree
What three times it is more recommended to use the siwaak
- When your mouth changes - e.g, a person doesn’t speak for a long time, when a person sleeps etc
- When you get up from sleeping - sunnah of prophet (saw)
- when standing up to pray salah
Why do we make wudhu before praying
Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said “Allah does not accept the salah of any one of you unless he does wudhu”
Obligatory acts of wudhu
The obligatory acts of wudhu are six:
- Intention - intend to raise from yourself the state of minor impurity
- Wash your face (original hairline to chin and from ear to ear excluding ears)
- Hands to elbow - fingertips to elbow (NOT wrist to elbow - washing hands before doesn’t count)
- Wipe the head
- Feet to the ankles (including heels)
- Has to be in that order (because Allah said wipe between the washes and the arabs would usually say ‘wash., wash, wipe)
Sunnah acts of wudhu
[10]
1. Tasmiyah
2. Washing to the two hands up to wrist before you put it into utensil with the water in it
3. To gargle water in your mouth & put water into your nose and blow it out
4. Wipe the whole head
5. To wipe the ears
All wiping in shari’ah is once
6. That you do taqleel al lihya - to put your fingers between the hairs
thick beard = cant see skin behind it - just go over it
If you don’t have a thick beard it is no longer sunnah and is obligatory for you to do taqleel
7. Washing between the toes
8. Start with the right
9. 3X (other than wiping)
10. Wasting water is disliked when making wudhu - to do more than 3 times
What happens if you miss out a sunnah act of wudhu
If you miss them out you’re wudhu us still valid but for the protection of your wudhu you should do them - some of these are considered obligatory/pillars by other madhabs
Things that break the wudhu
- Everything that leaves the two parts
- Sleeping
- To lose your mind through intoxicant or illness
- Touching the opposite gender - skin 2 skin contact of non-mahram whether accidental or on purpose
- Touching the private part with the palm of the hand
Eating camel meat*
Definition of An Naj’u, istinjaa & istijmaar
An Naj’u - the impurities that come out of a person from the front and back
Al istinjaa - washing yourself after going to the toilet
Al istijmaar - to use rocks and what is similar to it - anything that is pure and cleans e.g, tissue
From what is it obligatory to do istinjaa or istijmaar. & what is the best
from urinating and defecating
Best thing to do is do istijmaar (tissue) then instinjaa (water) - disliked to touch najis
If you just want to use one then water is better as it purifies fully
