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שלב ב > אבחנה מבדלת > Flashcards

אבחנה מבדלת Flashcards

1
Q

(8) צהבת ואי ספיקת כליות

A 
HUS
TTP
HBV + membranous nephropathy
HCV + cryo
Wilson disease
Miliary TB
HRS
Leptospirosis
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2
Q

(5) כאב ראש חד צדדי

A 
סינוסיטיס
מיגרנה
‏קלאסטר
‏גלאוקומה סגורת זווית!
GCA
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3
Q

(27) תרומבוציטופניה

A 
ITP
AUTOIMMUNE ׂׂ(SLE, APLA)
INFECTIOUS (HIV, HCV, HBV, HP, PVB19)
CVID
LYMPHOPROLYPHERATIVE
BONE MARROW (MDS, METASTATIC, LEUKEMIA, MYELOFIBROSIS, APLASTIC, MYELOPHTYSIS, GAUCHER)
LIVER DISEASE
DIC, TTP, HUS, EVANS
SPLENOMEGALY
MEGALOBLASTIC
DRUGS (HIT!!, PD-1, AVASTIN, ANTI-EPYLEPTICS, NSAIDS, ANTIBIOTICS)
ALCOHOL
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4
Q

ׁ(16) אריתמה נודוזום

A

INFECTIOUS ׂ(GAS, PNEUMOCOC, MYCOBACTERIA, HIV, EBV, CMV, TOXO)
AUTOIMMUNE (SARCOID, IBD, FMF, BEHCET, SJOGREN)
DRUGS (ESTROGEN, PENICILLIN)
LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE
PARANEOPLASTIC

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5
Q

(ׁ10ׂ) מאקרוציטוזיס

A

MEGALOBLASTIC: B12, FA, MTX, RESPRIM

NON MEGALOBLASTIC: HA, BLEEDING, MDS, HYPOTHYROIDISM, LIVER DISEASE, ALCOHOL

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6
Q

(24) אנמיה המוליטית

A

INTRINSIC:
HEREDITARY: G6PD, SICKLE CELL, SPHEROCYTOSIS.
AQUIRED: PNH, LIVER DISEASE
EXTRINSIC:
SPLENOMEGALY
MALARIA, BABESIOSIS, WILSON
MECHANICAL (VALVULAR, TMA- TTP HUS DIC HTN)
IMMUNE (WARM- HIV, SLE, LYMPHOPROLIPHERATIVE, IBD, CLL, ANTIBIOTICS. COLD- EBV, CMV, MYCOPLASMA, WALDENSTRUM)

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7
Q

(16) המופטיזיס הגדרה ואבחנה מבדלת

A 
100 ml/h or 500 ml/d
INFECTIOUS (BRONCHITIS, TB, PNEUMONIA, ABCSESS, ASPERGILOSIS)
VASCULAR (PE, AVM, CHF EXA, COCAINE)
NEOPLASTIC
AUTOIMMUNE (ANCA, ANTI-GBM, SLE, BEHCET)
BRONCHIECTASIS (CF, ABPA)
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8
Q

(14) הצללות ריאתיות

A

PNEUMONIA (BACTERIAL, MYCOBACTERIAL, VIRAL, FUNGAL, NOCARDIA, PCP, CMV, ASPERGILLOSIS)
EOSINOPHYLIC (PARASITIC, AEP/CEP, HP)
ILD (SARCOID, CTD, VASCULITIS, IPF, PNEUMOCONIOSIS, LAM)
BOOP
DAH
PAP
NEOPLASTIC

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9
Q

(16) היפרקלצמיה

A

PTH DEPENDENT:
PRIMARY (ADENOMA, CARCINOMA), TERTIARY, LYTHIUM, FHH, MEN 1/2A)
PTH INDEPENDENT:
PTHRP, VITAMIN D (EXOGENOUS/GRANULOMATOTIC EG SARCOID, LYMPHOMA), LYTIC BONE LESIONS (BREAST, LUNG, PROSTATE, MM), THIAZIDE, THYROTOXICOSIS, IMMOBILIZATION, VITAMIN A

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10
Q

(9) משבר היפרטנסיבי

A 
STRESS
COMPLIANCE, SALT
COCAINE
GC
NEPHRITIS
SCLERODERMA
ECLAMPSIA
PHEO
STROKE
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11
Q

PHTN

A 
TYPE 1 (PAH): IDIOPATHIC, CTD, PORTOPULMONARY, HIV, CHEMOTHERAPY
TYPE 2 (POST CAPILLARY): CHF, MR/MS
TYPE 3 (CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE incl OSA)
TYPE 4 (CTEPH)
TYPE 5 (MISCELLANEOUS): SARCOID, SCHISTOSOMISAIS, RADIATION, HHT, THYROID
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12
Q

היפוגליקמיה

A 
EXOGENOUS INSULIN
INSULINOMA
LIVER DISEASE
ALCOHOL
ADISON
SEPSIS
NEOPLASM
FASTING
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13
Q

(15) ברונכיאקטזיות

A

FOCAL: FOREIGN BODY, NEOPLASM, ANATOMICAL MALFORMATION, RECURRENT INFECTIONS, LYMHADENOPATHY
UPPER LOBES CF, TB, XRT
MIDDLE LOBES: NTM, PCD
BASILAR: A1AT, IPF, ASPIRATIONS, HYPOGAMMA
CENTRAL: ABPA

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14
Q

אובאיטיס

A

INFECTIOUS: HIV, TOXO, SYPHILIS, HSV, TB
AUTOIMMUNE: SPONDYLOARTHROPATHY, IBD, SARCOID, BEHCET, SLE
MIMICKERS: LYMPHOMA, OCULAR MELANOMA, ISCHEMIA

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15
Q

מיימת

A

HIGH SAAG (>1.1) LOW PROTEIN (<2.5): CIRRHOSIS, MASSIVE LIVER METASTASES, LATE BUDD-CHIARI
HIGH SAAG HIGH PROTEIN: EARLY BUDD CHIARI, RIGHT HEART FAILURE, PVT
LOW SAAG: PANCREATITIS, PERITONITIS, CARCINOMATOSIS, TB, BILIARY LEAK, NEPHROTIC SYNDROME

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16
Q

תסמונת נפרוטית, מאפיינים ואבחנה מבדלת

A

ANASARCA, HYPOALBUMINEMIA, PROTEINURIA > 3.5 g/d, HYPERLIPIEMIA, urinary maltese cross
RENAL: MCD, FSGS, MEMBRANOUS
SECONDARY MCD: HODGKINS, ALLERGY, NSAIDS
DECONDARY FSGS: HTN, OBESITY, PPI, HEROINE
SECONDARY MEMBRABOUS: LYMPHOMA, HBC, HCV, SLE, HIV
SYSTEMIC: AMYLOIDOSIS, DIABETES, SLE

17
Q

HIGH DLCO 5

LOW DLCO 6

A 
HIGH:
PULMONARY CONGESTION
ALVEOLAR HEMORRHAGE
POLYCYTHEMIA
ASTHMA
L>R SHUNT
LOW:
ILD
ANEMIA
PE
PHT
VASCULITIS
EMPHYSEMA
18
Q

PULSUS PARADOXUS

A 
TEMPONADE
ASTHMA, COPD
PE
RMI
HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK
CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS
19
Q

ILD 16

A 
IDIOPATHIC (IPF, COP)
POLY/DERMATO
CTD (SCLERODERMA, RA)
PNEUMOCONIOSES (SILICOSIS, BERRILIOSIS, ASBESTOSIS)
HP, AEP
SMOKERS (DIP, RB-ILD)
SARCOIDOSIS, GPA
MEDICATIONS (MTX, AMIODARONE)
20
Q

אאוזינופיליה 14

A

INFECTIOUS: HELMINTIC, PARASITIC (eg strongyloides), FUNGAL (aspergillosis, ABPA)
NEOPLASTIC: LYMPHOMA, LEUKEMIA, PARANEOPLASTIC
ALLERGY, ASTHMA
EOSINOPHILIC PNEUMONITIS
DRUGS (MACRODANTIN, MINOCYCLIN)
VASCULITIS (EGPA)
ENDOCRINE (ADDISON)

21
Q

QT PROLONGATION 19

A 
מעל 450 בגבר, 460 באישה
PSY (HALDOL, TCA)
PPI
ABx (FLQ, MCL)
AAD (class Ic- procainamid, quinidin, class III- sotalol, procor)
bradycardia
hypothermia
takotsubo
hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia
congenital LQT syndromes
hypothyroidism
ICH
CMP
22
Q

ST ELEVATIONS

A 
MI
PERICARDITIS
TAKOTSUBO
PRINZ-METAL
HYPERKALEMIA
23
Q

מתגים גראם חיוביים 4

A

ליסטריה
דיפתריה
אנתרקס
קלוסטרידיום

24
Q

קוקים גראם שליליים 9

A 
מנינגוקוק
גונוקוק
המופילוס
מורקסלה
קוקסיאלה (קוקובצילוס)
ברוצלה (קוקובצילוס)
ירסיניה פסטיס
אצינטובקטר
פרטוזיס
25
Q

תסמונת נפריטית, מאפיינים ואבחנה מבדלת

A 
AKI + HTN + HEMATURIA +/- PROTEINURIA
ANCA
ANTI GBM
SLE
SBE
HSP/IGA
MPGN (HCV/MALIGNANCY/IDIOPATHIC)
CRYO (WALDENSTRUM, HCV)
26
Q

AIN

A

MEDICATIONS: ABx, 5ASA, NSAIDS
INFECTIONS: LEPTOSPIROSIS, HIV
AUTOIMMUNE: SJOGREN

27
Q

CIN

A

LITHIUM, UREATE, HYPOKALEMIA, ANALGESICS

28
Q

סיבות וסקולריות לאיס”כ

A 
תסחיף כולסטרול
RAAS bil. or w/ single kidney
TMA (TTP/HUS)
APLA
PAN
RVT

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