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Question 1

ALU

Answer 1

Part of the processor that process and manipulates data

Question 2

CPU

Answer 2

Brain of a computer

Question 3

CU

Answer 3

Part of the computer that manages the execution of instructions

Question 4

Registers

Answer 4

The section of high speed memory within the CPU that stores data to be processed

Question 5

Buses

Answer 5

Move data around the computer

Question 6

Address Bus

Answer 6

Carries signals between the processor and the memory

Unidirectional

Question 7

Data Bus

Answer 7

Sends data between the processor, the memory unit and the I/O devices
Bidirectional

Question 8

Control Bus

Answer 8

Carries signals relating to the control and coordination of activities within the computer

Question 9

I/O controller

Answer 9

Controls the flow of information between the processor and the input and output devices

Question 10

System Bus

Answer 10

The main highway connecting the processor, main memory and I/O controllers

Question 11

The Fetch Decode Execute cycle

Answer 11

Process by which a computer
Fetches a program instruction from it’s memory
Determines what the instruction wants to do
Carries out those actions

Question 12

Program counter

Answer 12

An incrementing counter that keeps track of the memory address of which instructions is to be executed next

Question 13

Memory address register

Answer 13

The address in main memory that is currently being read or written

Question 14

Memory Buffer Register

Answer 14

A two way register that holds data fetched from memory or data waiting to be stored in memory

Question 15

Current Instruction Register

Answer 15

A temporary holding ground for the instruction that has just been fetched from memory

Question 16

System software

Answer 16

Performs the task needed to operate software

Question 17

Software

Answer 17

Consist of sequences of instructions called programs that can be understood and executed by hardware

Question 18

Library

Answer 18

Collections of compiled routines that other programs can use

Question 19

Utility

Answer 19

Programs that perform a very specific task related to working with computers

Question 20

Translator

Answer 20

Translate source code and assembly code to machine code

Question 21

Operating system

Answer 21

Software that communicates with the hardware and allows other programs to run

Question 22

Application software

Answer 22

Software designed to help the user to perform specific task

Question 23

General purpose software

Answer 23

Software that can be used for many different tasks

Question 24

Specific purpose software

Answer 24

Software designed to support one specific task

Question 25

Bespoke Software

Answer 25

Written for a customer’s specific need

Question 26

Multi programming

Answer 26

A number of jobs queued in memory to be processed

Question 27

Time slice

Answer 27

Each job in memory is given a small amount of processing time every second

Question 28

Scheduler

Answer 28

Part of the OS that decides time or order

Question 29

Latency

Answer 29

Time required to perform some action or to produce some result

Question 30

Logic circuit

Answer 30

Several logic gates combined together

Question 31

SDLC steps

Answer 31

Analysis, Design, Implementation, Testing, Maintenance

Question 32

Agile model

Answer 32

+ functionality can be developed fast
Resource requirement are minimum
Suitable for fixed or changing requirements
- not suitable for handling complex dependencies
Very high individual dependency
Depend heavily on customer interaction

Question 33

Spiral model

Answer 33

+ Changing requirement can be accommodated
Allows for extensive use of prototypes
Requirements can be captured more accurately
- management is more complex
End of project may not be known early
Not suitable for small projects

Question 34

Waterfall model

Answer 34

\+ simple and easy to understand and use 
Phases are processed and completed an at a time 
works well for smaller projects 
- high amount of risk 
Not suitable for complex projects 
It is difficult to measure progress

Question 35

Throuput

Answer 35

Number of such actions executed or results produced per unit of time