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Alice Cottam
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Decks in this class (106)
Topic 2---A: Cell structure and Division- 1.Eukaryotic Cells and Organelles
Examples of eukaryotic cells 1,
Cell surface membrane description 2,
Cell surface membrane function 3
41
cards
Topic 2---A: Cell structure and Division- 2.Prokaryotic Cells and Viruses
What are prokaryotes 1,
What is the difference between pr...,
What is in a prokaryotic cell 3
23
cards
Topic 2---A: Cell structure and division- 3.Analysis of cell components
What is magnification 1,
Magnification formula 2,
What do you do if you want to con...
41
cards
Topic 2---A: Cell structure and division- 4. Cell division- Mitosis
When does the cell cycle start 1,
What does the cell cycle consist ...,
What is interphase 3
22
cards
Topic 2--- A: Cell Structure and Division- 5. Investigating Mitosis
Preparing a root tip cell squash 1,
Mitotic index calculation 2,
Mitotic index 3
3
cards
Topic 2---B: Cell membranes- 1. Cell membranes- The basics
What are cell surface membranes 1,
How can substances move across th...,
How do membranes around organelle...
18
cards
Topic 2---B: Cell Membranes- 2. Diffusion
What is diffusion 1,
What process is diffusion 2,
How does diffusion work 3
12
cards
Topic 2---B: Cell Membranes- 3. Osmosis
What is osmosis 1,
What does it mean if there is a h...,
What does it mean if there is a l...
16
cards
Topic 2---B: Cell Membranes- 4. Active Transport
What is active transport 1,
Differences between active transp...,
Carrier proteins 3
9
cards
Topic 2---C: Cells and The Immune System- 1. Antigens
What is an antigen 1,
What are the antigens that aren t...,
What do antigens allow the immune...
9
cards
Topic 2---C: Cells and The Immune System- 2. The Immune Response
What is a phagocyte 1,
Stages of phagocytosis 2,
Stages of humoral response 3
18
cards
Topic 2---C: Cells and The Immune System- 3. Immunity and Vaccines
What is active immunity 1,
What is natural active immunity 2,
What is artificial active immunity 3
16
cards
Topic 2---C: Cells and The Immune System- 4. Antigenic Variation
What is antigenic variation 1,
How are different antigens formed 2,
What activates the primary respon...
9
cards
Topic 2---C: Cells and The Immune System- 5. Antibodies in medicine
What are monoclonal antibodies 1,
How are antibodies very specific 2,
What do monoclonal antibodies do 3
9
cards
Topic 2---C: Cells and The Immune System- 7. HIV and Viruses
What does hiv stand for 1,
What does hiv affect 2,
What is aids 3
19
cards
Topic 1---A: Biological molecules- 1. Molecules of life
What is the evidence for evolution 1,
What is the theory of evolution 2,
What are polymers 3
10
cards
Topic 1---A:Biological molecules- 2. Sugars
What is sugar a general term for 1,
What are monosaccharides 2,
What elements does carbohydrates ...
19
cards
Topic 1---A: Biological molecules- 3. Polysaccharides
What is a polysaccharide 1,
What are examples of polysacchari...,
How can polysaccharides be broken...
12
cards
Topic 1—A: Biological molecules- 4. lipids
What are lipids commonly known as 1,
How are lipids different from car...,
What are lipids made from 3
19
cards
Topic 1---A: Biological molecules- 5. proteins
What are the monomers of proteins 1,
How is a dipeptide formed 2,
How is a polypeptide formed 3
25
cards
Topic 1---A: Biological molecules- 6. Enzymes
What are enzymes 1,
What components do enzymes have 2,
What is activation energy 3
18
cards
Topic 1---A: Biological molecules- 7. Factors affecting enzyme activity
How do you measure enzyme activity 1,
How fast the product is made meas...,
How fast the substrate is broken ...
19
cards
Topic 1---B: More biological Molecules- 1. DNA and RNA
What are dna and rna both types of 1,
What does dna stand for 2,
What is dna used for 3
21
cards
Topic 1---B- More biological molecules- 2. DNA replication
Why is it called semi conservativ...,
How is dna replicated stages 2,
What is the action of dna polymer...
5
cards
Topic 1---B: More biological molecules- 3. ATP
Why is energy important 1,
What does atp stand for 2,
What is atp made from 3
8
cards
Topic 1---B: More biological molecules- 4. Water
What is the importance of water 1,
What does a molecule of water con...,
What makes water a polar molecule 3
10
cards
Topic 1---B: More biological molecules- 5. Inorganic ions
What are ions 1,
What is an ion with a positive ch...,
What is an ion with a negative ch...
8
cards
Topic 3---A: Exchange and Transport Systems- 1. Size and surface area
In an organism what needs to be e...,
What is the relationship between ...,
How do you calculate the volume o...
18
cards
Topic 3—A: Exchange and Transport systems- 2. Gas exchange
What is a gas exchange surface 1,
What two things does gas exchange...,
Gas exchange in single celled org...
14
cards
Topic 3---A: Exchange and Transport Systems- 3. Gas exchange in humans
What is the role of the gas excha...,
What is the structure of the gas ...,
Process of where gases are exchan...
14
cards
Topic 3---A: Exchange and Transport Systems- 4. The effects of lung disease
What do lung diseases effect 1,
Definition of tide volume 2,
Definition of ventilation rate 3
11
cards
Topic 3---A: Exchange and Transport Systems- 6. Dissecting Gas Exchange Systems
Scalpel 1,
Dissecting scissors 2,
Dissecting pins 3
5
cards
Topic 3---B: More Exchange and Transport Systems- 1. Digestion and Absorption
Why do large biological molecules...,
What are used to break down biolo...,
The digestion of carbohydrates 3
8
cards
Topic 3---B: More Exchange and Transport Systems- 2. Haemoglobin
What is the role of haemoglobin 1,
What is haemoglobin 2,
What is association 3
24
cards
Topic 3---B: More Exchange and Transport System- 3. The Circulatory System
What is the circulatory system ma...,
Pulmonary artery 2,
Pulmonary vein 3
27
cards
Topic 3---B: More Exchage and Transport Systems- 4. The Heart
What does the right side of the h...,
What does the left side of the he...,
Why is the left ventricle thicker...
22
cards
Topic 3---B- More Exchange and Transport Systems- 5. Cardiovascular disease
What is cardiovascular disease 1,
What does cardiovascular diseases...,
What do most cardiovascular disea...
15
cards
Topic 3---B: More exchange and Transport Systems- 6. Transport in plants (xylem)
What does the xylem tissue do 1,
What does the phloem tissue do 2,
Structure of the xylem 3
11
cards
Topic 3---B- More Exchange and transport systems - 7. Transport in plants (phloem)
What does the phloem transport 1,
Structure of the phloem 2,
What is translocation 3
9
cards
Topic 4---A: DNA,RNA and Protein Synthesis- 1. DNA
Eukaryotic cells dna 1,
Prokaryotic cells dna 2,
How does dna loop around histones 3
3
cards
Topic 4---A: DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis- 2. Genes and Chromosomes
What does dna contain 1,
What is a gene 2,
What does the order of bases in a...
17
cards
Topic 4---A: DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis- 3. RNA and Protein Synthesis
What is protein synthesis 1,
What are the 2 main stages in pro...,
Transcription defintion 3
7
cards
Topic 4---A: DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis- 4. Transcription and translation
What happens during transcription 1,
Where does transcription take pla...,
Where does transcription take pla...
9
cards
Topic 4---A: DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis- 5. The genetic code and nucleic acids
What is the genetic code 1,
What are the characteristics of t...,
Non overlapping 3
5
cards
Topic 4---B: Diversity and selection- 1. Meiosis and genetic variation
What are diploid body cells 1,
What does 2n mean 2,
What is a homologous pair 3
22
cards
Topic 4---B: Diversity and selection- 2. mutations
What is a gene mutation 1,
Substitution 2,
Deletion or addition 3
9
cards
Topic 4---B: Diversity and Selection- 3. Genetic diversity
Genetic diversity definition 1,
What does a large number of diffe...,
What may happen if a population h...
6
cards
Topic 4---B: Diversity and Selection- 4. Natural selection
What does natural selection incre...,
What does randomly occuring mutat...,
How does natural selection work 3
12
cards
Topic 4—B: Biodiversity and Selection- 5. The effects of selection
What are the types of natural sel...,
What is directional selection 2,
What is stabilising selection 3
5
cards
Topic 4—C: Diversity and Classification- 1. Classification of organisms
What is phylogeny 1,
What does phylogeny tell us 2,
What is taxonomy 3
7
cards
Topic 4—C: Diversity and Classification- 2. Classification using courtship behaviour
What is courtship behaviour 1,
Simple courtship behaviours 2,
Complex courtship behaviours 3
8
cards
Topic 4—C: Diversity and classification- 3. classification and using DNA proteins
Blank 1,
What technologies have been usefu...,
Genome sequencing 3
6
cards
Topic 5– A: Photosynthesis and Respiration- 1. Photosynthesis, respiration and energy
Why is energy important 1,
Why do plants need energy 2,
Why do animals need energy 3
29
cards
Topic 5— A: Photosynthesis and Respiration- 6. Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration
How can respiration be done 1,
Which type of respiration produce...,
Where do the reactions in aerobic...
26
cards
Topic 5B: Energy transfer and Nutrient cycle- 1. Energy Transfer in Ecosystems
Where do plants get their energy ...,
Where do animals get their energy...,
Definition of ecosystem 3
34
cards
Topic 5B: Energy Transfer And Nutrient Cycle- 2. Farming Practices And Production
What is a food web 1,
Decomposer definition 2,
How do agricultural ecosystems co...
13
cards
Topic 5—A: Photosynthesis And Respiration- 7. Aerobic Respiration- The Mitochondrial Reactions
What happens in the link reaction 1,
Link reaction stages 2,
Is atp produced in the link react...
22
cards
Topic 5—A: Photosynthesis And Respiration- 2. Photosynthesis And The Light Dependant Reaction
Where does photosynthesis take pl...,
Chloroplasts 2,
Leaf structure adaptations for ph...
14
cards
Topic 5-A: Photosynthesis and Respiration-3. Photosynthesis and the light independent reaction
Where does the light independent ...,
What does the light independent r...,
What are the stages of the light ...
7
cards
Topic 5—A: Photosynthesis and respiration- 4. Limiting factors in photosynthesis
Optimum conditions for photosynth...,
High light intensity optimum cond...,
Temperature 25 degrees optimum co...
23
cards
Topic 5—B: Energy Transfer and Nutrient Cycles- 2. Farming Practices and Production
What do food chains and food webs...,
What do food chains show 2,
What are each of the stages in a ...
20
cards
Topic 5—B: Energy Transfer and Nutrient Cycles- 3. Nutrient Cycles in Natural Ecosystems
What is a natural ecosystem 1,
What happens in natural ecosystems 2,
What two things do saprobionts do 3
20
cards
Topic 5—B: Energy Transfer and Nutrient Cycles- 4. Fertilisers and Eutrophication
Loss of nutrients 1,
What does adding fertilisers do 2,
What are the two types of fertili...
14
cards
Topic 6–A: Stimuli and Responses- 1. Survival and response
How do organisms increase their c...,
Examples of animal and plants res...,
What do organisms also respond to 3
10
cards
Topic 6—A: Stimuli and Responses- 2. Nervous communication
Definition of receptors 1,
Examples of types of receptors 2,
Definition of effectors 3
15
cards
Topic 6—A: Stimuli and Responses- 3. Responses in plants
How do plants increase their chan...,
Examples of plants responding to ...,
Definition of tropism 3
14
cards
Topic 6—A: Stimuli and responses- 4. Receptors
How are receptors specific 1,
What do receptors in the nervous ...,
The resting potential 3
29
cards
Topic 6—A: Stimuli and Responses- 5. Control of heart rate
What two different systems is the...,
What is the central nervous syste...,
What is the peripheral nervous sy...
23
cards
Topic 6—B: Nervous Coordination-1. Neurones
What are nervous impulses 1,
How are nervous impulses created 2,
The resting membrane potential 3
37
cards
Topic 6—B: Nervous Coordination- 2. Synaptic transmission
Synapse 1,
What are the tiny gaps between th...,
Presynaptic neurone 3
19
cards
Topic 6—B: Nervous coordination-3. Muscle structure
What are muscles 1,
What are the 3 different types of...,
Smooth muscle 3
34
cards
Topic 6—B: Nervous coordination-4. Muscle contraction
Myosin filaments 1,
Actin filaments 2,
What does the myosin head need to...
14
cards
Topic 8—B: Genome projects and Gene Technologies- 1. Genome projects
What is a genome 1,
In genome projects what do scient...,
What does the scientists success ...
12
cards
Topic 8—B: Genome Projects and Gene Technologies- 2. Making DNA fragments
What does recombinant dna technol...,
What is the first step in recombi...,
What is a dna fragment 3
14
cards
Topic 6—C: Homeostasis- 1. Homeostasis basics
What is homeostasis 1,
What can changes in your external...,
What does homeostasis involve 3
32
cards
Topic 6—C: Homeostasis- 2. Control of blood glucose concentration
What s monitored by cells in the ...,
When does blood glucose concentra...,
When does blood glucose concentra...
29
cards
Topic 6—C: Homeostasis- 3. Diabetes and blood glucose concentration
What is diabetes 1,
What are the 2 types of diabetes 2,
Type 1 diabetes 3
7
cards
Topic 6—C: Homeostasis- 4. The kidneys
Where does blood enter the kidney 1,
What happens as blood passes thro...,
Ultrafiltration 3
30
cards
Topic 6—C: Homeostasis- 5. Controlling blood water potential
What is water essential for 1,
How is water lost during excretion 2,
Osmoregulation 3
23
cards
Topic 7—A: Genetics- 1. Genetic terms
Gene 1,
Allele 2,
How many alleles of each gene do ...
24
cards
Topic 7—A: Genetics- 2. Genetic diagrams— simple monohybrid cross
What do genetic diagrams show 1,
What are diploid organisms 2,
Definition of haploid 3
18
cards
Topic 7—A: Genetics- 3. Genetic diagrams- multiple allele and dihybrid cross
What do multiple allele crosses s...,
When is inheritance more complica...,
How many alleles are in the abo b...
15
cards
Topic 7—A: Genetics- 4. Linkage
What can linkage affect 1,
What is the genetic information f...,
In mammals what chromosomes do fe...
26
cards
Topic 7—A: Genetics- 5. Epistasis
What does epistasis effect 1,
Definition of epistasis 2,
Why can many different genes cont...
8
cards
Topic 7—A: genetics- 6. The chi-squared test
What is the chi squared test 1,
What is the expected result 2,
What is the observed result 3
14
cards
Topic 7—B: Populations and Evolution- 1. The Hardy-Weinberg principle
Definition of species 1,
Definition of population 2,
Definition of gene pool 3
17
cards
Topic 7—B: Populations and evolution- 2. Variation and selection
What is variation 1,
What is variation within a specie...,
What does intraspecific variation...
22
cards
Topic 7—B: Populations and Evolution- 3. Speciation and genetic drift
What is speciation 1,
When does speciation occur 2,
Definition of reproductive isolat...
20
cards
Topic 7—C: Populations in Ecosystems-1. Ecosystems
Definition of ecosystem 1,
What do ecosystems include 2,
What are biotic conditions 3
17
cards
Topic 7—C: Populations in Ecosytems- 2. Variation in population size
Definition of population 1,
Definition of community 2,
Definition of population size 3
12
cards
Topic 7—C:Populations in ecosystems- 3. Investigating populations
What do you have to look at when ...,
Definition of abundance 2,
How can abundance be estimated 3
26
cards
Topic 7—C:populations and ecosystems-4. Succession
Definition of dynamic 1,
Definition of succession 2,
What happens at each stage of suc...
19
cards
Topic 7—C: Populations in Ecosystems- 5. Conservation
What is conservation 1,
What does sustainable mean 2,
What process is conservation 3
9
cards
Topic 8—A:Mutations and Gene Expression-1. Mutations
What are mutations 1,
How can mutations be caused 2,
How can the rate of mutations be ...
20
cards
Topic 8—A: Mutations and Gene expression-2. Mutagenic agents
What are mutagenic agents 1,
Examples of mutagenic agents 2,
How can mutagenic agents increase...
6
cards
Topic 8—A: Mutations and Gene expression- 3. Cancer
If a mutation occurs in a gene th...,
Why can it cause cancer 2,
Definition of acquired mutations 3
22
cards
Topic 8—A: Mutations and gene expression- 4. Interpreting data on cancer
What can risk factors either be 1,
Genetic factors 2,
Environmental factors 3
6
cards
Topic 8—A: Mutations and gene expression- 5. Stem cells
What are multicellular organisms ...,
Where did these specialised cell ...,
What are stem cells 3
13
cards
Topic 8—-A: Mutations and gene expression- 6. Stem cells in medicine
Bone marrow transplants 1,
Example scid 2,
Scientists are researching the us...
9
cards
Topic 8—A: Mutations and Gene expression- 7. Regulation of transcription and translation
What is the gene responsible for ...,
What is transcription 2,
What do all the cells in an organ...
24
cards
Topic 8—A: Mutations and Gene expression- 8. Epigenetic control of gene expression
In eukaryotes what can epigenetic...,
How does epigenetic control work 2,
Where do organisms inherit their ...
8
cards
Topic 8—A: Mutations and Gene Expression- 9. Evaluating Data on phenotypes
What is the phenotype characteris...,
Example overeating 2,
Example antioxidants 3
4
cards
Topic 8—B: Genome projects and gene technologies- 3. Amplifying DNA fragments
What will you probably want to do...,
How is making more copies done 2,
What is gene cloning all about 3
19
cards
Topic 8—B: Genome Projects and Gene Technologies- 4. Recombinant DNA technology
What is genetic engineering 1,
How can transformed plants be pro...,
How can transformed animals be pr...
6
cards
Topic 8—B: Genome Projects and gene Technologies- 5. Gene therapy
What is gene therapy 1,
What does gene therapy involve 2,
How you do this depends on 3
11
cards
Topic 8—B: Genome Projects and Gene Technologies- 6. Gene probes and Medical Diagnosis
To produce a dna probe what do yo...,
How can dna probes be used 2,
What are dna probes 3
16
cards
Topic 8—B: Genome Projects and Gene Technologies- 7. Genetic fingerprinting
Does all of the organisms genome ...,
What do some of the genome consis...,
What are variable number tandem r...
9
cards
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