Unit 2 Again Flashcards
What was the primary aim of the League of Nations (LoN)?
To preserve world peace and promote cooperation over problems
The League aimed to avoid war and resolve disputes among nations.
Who were some key figures that discussed how to avoid war?
- Woodrow Wilson (USA)
- DLG (Britain)
- Jan Smuts (South Africa)
These leaders proposed ideas for organizations to manage international disputes.
What were the main components of the League of Nations’ organization?
- Secretariat
- Assembly
- Council
The Secretariat handled administrative tasks, while the Assembly and Council dealt with policy and executive decisions.
What was the role of the Permanent Court of Justice (PCJ) in the League of Nations?
- Offered arbitration services in disputes
- Provided legal advice
- Consisted of 11 judges and 4 deputy judges
The PCJ aimed to settle legal disputes peacefully.
What was the purpose of the International Labour Organization (ILO)?
To promote good working practices
The ILO represented governments, employers, and workers to improve labor conditions.
Fill in the blank: The League of Nations aimed to address international problems and meet for _______.
[disputes]
True or False: The USA was a founding member of the League of Nations.
False
The USA did not join due to Senate opposition to involvement in future conflicts.
Why was Germany initially not allowed to join the League of Nations?
Germany was not allowed to join until it proved peace after World War I
Germany joined in 1926 but was later removed under Hitler.
What were the three stages of collective security in the League of Nations?
- Moral Disapproval
- Economic Sanctions
- Military Sanctions
These stages represented escalating responses to aggression.
What was one major problem with the League’s decision-making process?
Unanimous decisions were required for action
A single negative vote could block any motion, making it difficult to respond effectively.
What was one of the League’s successes in the 1920s?
The resolution of the Aaland Islands dispute in 1921
Sweden and Finland accepted the League’s decision, showcasing its effectiveness.
What incident in 1923 demonstrated the League’s ineffectiveness?
The Corfu Incident
Italy’s aggressive actions toward Greece highlighted the League’s inability to enforce peace.
What was the Refugee Organisation’s main achievement?
Helped 425,000 people find homes after WWI
Fridtjof Nansen led efforts to assist displaced individuals.
What health issues did the League of Nations’ Health Organization help to combat?
- Typhus
- Leprosy
- Malaria
- Yellow fever
The organization developed vaccines and linked with non-member countries for aid.
What was the impact of the Wall Street Crash of 1929 on the League of Nations?
It led to a dramatic decrease in production and trade, rising unemployment, and the rise of extremist parties
These factors made the League’s work significantly harder.
What caused Japan to invade Manchuria in 1931?
Economic difficulties due to the Great Depression and the need for resources
Japan sought food, raw materials, and markets during a time of crisis.
What was the outcome of the Lytton Commission’s findings on the Manchurian crisis?
The invasion was condemned, but Japan left the League
The Commission found the invasion unjustified, but the League’s lack of action led to Japan’s exit.
What was the outcome of the vote regarding Japan’s actions in the League of Nations?
The findings were accepted by a vote of 42-1 to condemn Japan.
What action did Japan take in response to the condemnation by the League of Nations?
Japan responded by leaving the League of Nations.
What were the lessons learned from the Manchurian crisis regarding the League of Nations’ response?
The League did not react quickly enough and faced challenges without the Soviet Union or US.
Fill in the blank: The League of Nations did not react quickly enough during the Manchurian crisis, with the Assembly voting ______ months after Japan’s actions.
18
Why did the World Disarmament Conference of 1932-34 fail?
Members failed to agree due to fear and anxieties of states not trusting one another.
Which countries were particularly worried about future German aggression during the disarmament discussions?
- France
- Poland
- Czechoslovakia
What was Hitler’s stance on disarmament during the 1932-34 conference?
Hitler did not want to disarm and announced violations of the disarmament clause.
What was Benito Mussolini’s motivation for invading Abyssinia?
Mussolini wanted to boost his popularity and seek revenge for Italy’s previous defeat.
What technological advantages did the Italian army have over Abyssinia’s forces during the invasion?
- Tanks
- Airplanes
- Gas
Fill in the blank: Benito Mussolini transitioned from a ______ to a Fascist leader.
Socialist
Who was Haile Selassie and what was his role during the Italian invasion?
Haile Selassie was the Emperor of Abyssinia and a symbol of resistance to fascism.
What did the League of Nations do in response to Italy’s invasion of Abyssinia?
The League quickly enforced economic sanctions.
What was the impact of the League’s economic sanctions on Italy during the Abyssinia invasion?
The sanctions made little impact as war materials were not prohibited.
What secret deal were Britain and France prepared to make regarding Italy’s invasion of Abyssinia?
Italy would receive ⅔ of Abyssinia in exchange for ending the war.
How did the League of Nations ultimately fail in its response to the Abyssinia invasion?
Britain and France’s contradictory needs led to a lack of effective support for the League.
What were the consequences of Italy’s actions for the League of Nations?
Italy left the League in 1937 and aligned with Germany.
True or False: The League of Nations played a significant role during World War II.
False
What was the League of Nations considered in terms of collective security?
The first collective security council.
Fill in the blank: Important elements from the League of Nations were built into the ______.
UN
