Unit 2 Flashcards
What was Japan’s economic position when they invaded?
- depended on imports to feed population
- only had silk as export (luxury item)
Why was Germany not allowed to join LoN?
- they had to prove peace first
- LoN looked like a ‘victors club’
- joined in 1926 (Hitler pulled them out)
3 events that diadvantaged LoN
- Japan invading Manchuria
- Failure of Disarmament
- Italy invading abyssinia
What were the main problems?
-USA weren’t involved
- LoN members were invading
- Unanimous decisions (one opposing vote would mean no actions)
- League didn’t have army for military sanction
Why did the LoN seem successful
- No major conflicts: great powers were exhausted
- CP joined LoN: they needed all the help they could get
What was the PCJ?
Permanent court of International Justice
- offered their opinion
- provided legal advice
-11 judges, 4 deputy judges
What were the positive achievements of the league?
- good work of agencies, committees and commissions
- contribution to border disputes
What was the Mukden Railway Incident?
- Japan stages an incident and uses ‘chinese banditry’ to invade local area.
- China appeal to the league
–> japanese gov promised to withdraw - Japanese occupied the whole province
- Manchukuo
What were the affects of the Wall Street crash?
- decrease in production
- rise of unemployment
–> 6 mil unemployment in Germany
-extremist parties came to power - Made the work of LoN harder
Where was Manchuria?
North east china (bordering Korea)
What did the economic and financial org do?
After WW1 many countries were in a crisis
- controlled level of interest rates
- circulation of bank notes
- issuing credit
-gave loans
What was the hoare Laval pact?
- secret negotiations
- in exchange of no war, Italy gets 2/3 of land. Abyssinia gets a strip of land with access to the sea
- Musolini gave signs he’d accept but it was leaked to the press
- public turned against brit and france
- war continued
Why did Italy invade?
- Italian army defeated by Abyssinia in 1896 (revenge)
- boost popularity
- disappointed about less land from ToV
How did the League respond to Japan and Manchuria?
- didnt impose sanctions
–> didn’t want to reduce trade - No guarantee of success in Military sanctions
-Brit and France didn’t want their colonies in the far east to be invaded - Lytton commissions
Why did the league fail?
- they needed to think of two matters:
- being just (lon)
- not losing Italy to germany
- they ended up with nothing
- Italy leaves LON+ pursues relations with hitler
what were the three parts to security
- Moral disapproval- LoN votes to voice it out
- Economic sanctions- trade boycotts
- Military sanctions- send military to victims
What ideas were discussed to avoid war?
- org to meet for disputes
- org with military to enforce peace
- broad org that meets every once in a while to address intl problems
What did the Health org do?
Helped prevent many diseases (Typhus in Serbia)
linked with non member countries
became WHO
struggles of the league
- 3 permanent members left
- Soviet union expelled (finland)
What’re somethings that went wrong with ILO
reccom working age: 15
-in britain, school leaving age was lower
not all employers have employees the right to join a union
Sucesses of the league?
- No major conflicts
-Central powers joined by the end of 1920s
Why didn’t Russia join?
-Victors
- communists
- Britain, France + Japan tried to assist counter revolution during civil war
- They joined late 20s, expelled after invading Finland
