Unit 2 Flashcards
What was Japan’s economic position when they invaded?
- depended on imports to feed population
- only had silk as export (luxury item)
Why was Germany not allowed to join LoN?
- they had to prove peace first
- LoN looked like a ‘victors club’
- joined in 1926 (Hitler pulled them out)
3 events that diadvantaged LoN
- Japan invading Manchuria
- Failure of Disarmament
- Italy invading abyssinia
What were the main problems?
-USA weren’t involved
- LoN members were invading
- Unanimous decisions (one opposing vote would mean no actions)
- League didn’t have army for military sanction
Why did the LoN seem successful
- No major conflicts: great powers were exhausted
- CP joined LoN: they needed all the help they could get
What was the PCJ?
Permanent court of International Justice
- offered their opinion
- provided legal advice
-11 judges, 4 deputy judges
What were the positive achievements of the league?
- good work of agencies, committees and commissions
- contribution to border disputes
What was the Mukden Railway Incident?
- Japan stages an incident and uses ‘chinese banditry’ to invade local area.
- China appeal to the league
–> japanese gov promised to withdraw - Japanese occupied the whole province
- Manchukuo
What were the affects of the Wall Street crash?
- decrease in production
- rise of unemployment
–> 6 mil unemployment in Germany
-extremist parties came to power - Made the work of LoN harder
Where was Manchuria?
North east china (bordering Korea)
What did the economic and financial org do?
After WW1 many countries were in a crisis
- controlled level of interest rates
- circulation of bank notes
- issuing credit
-gave loans
What was the hoare Laval pact?
- secret negotiations
- in exchange of no war, Italy gets 2/3 of land. Abyssinia gets a strip of land with access to the sea
- Musolini gave signs he’d accept but it was leaked to the press
- public turned against brit and france
- war continued
Why did Italy invade?
- Italian army defeated by Abyssinia in 1896 (revenge)
- boost popularity
- disappointed about less land from ToV
How did the League respond to Japan and Manchuria?
- didnt impose sanctions
–> didn’t want to reduce trade - No guarantee of success in Military sanctions
-Brit and France didn’t want their colonies in the far east to be invaded - Lytton commissions
Why did the league fail?
- they needed to think of two matters:
- being just (lon)
- not losing Italy to germany
- they ended up with nothing
- Italy leaves LON+ pursues relations with hitler
what were the three parts to security
- Moral disapproval- LoN votes to voice it out
- Economic sanctions- trade boycotts
- Military sanctions- send military to victims
What ideas were discussed to avoid war?
- org to meet for disputes
- org with military to enforce peace
- broad org that meets every once in a while to address intl problems
What did the Health org do?
Helped prevent many diseases (Typhus in Serbia)
linked with non member countries
became WHO
struggles of the league
- 3 permanent members left
- Soviet union expelled (finland)
What’re somethings that went wrong with ILO
reccom working age: 15
-in britain, school leaving age was lower
not all employers have employees the right to join a union
Sucesses of the league?
- No major conflicts
-Central powers joined by the end of 1920s
Why didn’t Russia join?
-Victors
- communists
- Britain, France + Japan tried to assist counter revolution during civil war
- They joined late 20s, expelled after invading Finland
What was the Corfu Incident?
Italian staff murdered
Italian PM ordered bombardment
Greece went to LoN
actions had to be taken by Conference of Ambassadors
- CoA took action against principles of PCJ
- Weakness of LoN
Who was Haile Selassie
pre politics: imperial court
politics: emperor (1930)
character: modern, resisted fascism
