Three-fold Elements of Human Acts // Determinants of Morality

Question 1

is awareness or being conscious of one’s actions including its possible
consequences.

Answer 1

KNOWLEDGE

Question 2

According to St. Thomas Aquinas, this is the power which human beings have in determining their actions according to the judgment of their reasons.

Answer 2

FREEDOM OF THE WILL

Question 3

This is an act of consenting or accepting a certain action whether it is done whole-heartedly, half-heartedly, or non-heartedly.

Answer 3

VOLUNTARINESS

Question 4

actualized by a person who is fully aware and who fully intends an act.

Answer 4

PERFECT VOLUNTARINESS

Question 5

seen in a person who acts without the full awareness of his action or without fully intending the act.

Answer 5

IMPERFECT VOLUNTARINESS

Question 6

is manifested by a person who is forced by his circumstances beyond his control to perform an action which he would not do under normal condition.

Answer 6

CONDITIONAL VOLUNTARINESS

Question 7

is exhibited by a person doing an act willfully regardless of whether he
likes to do it or not.

Answer 7

SIMPLE VOLUNTARINESS

Question 8

act requires the performance of an act. For examples: Studying one’s lesson;
participating in class discussions; engaging in sports.

Answer 8

POSITIVE SIMPLE VOLUNTARINESS

Question 9

act does not require the performance of an act. For examples:
Remaining silent or choosing to be alone; deciding not to go to a drinking spree; avoiding to take illegal drugs.

Answer 9

NEGATIVE SIMPLE VOLUNTARINESS

Question 10

• good toward which the will deliberately directs itself.

Answer 10

OBJECT CHOSEN

Question 11

• movement of the will toward the end.
• concerned with the
  goal of the activity.

Answer 11

INTENTION

Question 12

• contribute to increasing or diminishing the moral goodness or evil of
  human acts.
• cannot change the moral quality of
  acts themselves; they can make neither good nor right an action that is in itself evil.

Answer 12

CIRCUMSTANCES