TB and NTM Flashcards
What are risk factors for drug resistant TB (MDR/RR-TB or XDR-TB)?
Sputum AFB +ve, lung cavity, history of previous TB, history of previous TB treatment. In particular relapse after/during treatment, or defaulting on treatment are a concern. There is also goegraphical variation in drug resistant TB with higher rates in eg South Africa, Pakistan, India, Russia, China, Indonesia, North Korea and the Phillipines
In what situation is the TB drug regime 2HRZE/4HR recommended?
This is standard TB treatment, recommended for limited fully sensitive TB
H=Isoniazid R=Rifampicin Z=Pyrazinamide E=ethambutol
In what situation is the TB drug regime 2HRZE/10HR recommended?
CNS infection (fully sensitive organism)
H=Isoniazid R=Rifampicin Z=Pyrazinamide E=ethambutol
In what situation is the TB drug regime 2HRZES/1HRZE/5HRE recommended?
This is one option for TB treatment after treatment interruption, if there was a low risk of MDR-TB based on geography and patient factors.
H=Isoniazid R=Rifampicin Z=Pyrazinamide E=ethambutol S=streptomycin
In what situation is the TB drug regime 6REZLx recommended?
In DR-TB (R susceptible, H-resistant) treatment with rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide and levofloxacin is recommended for a duration of 6 months.
R=Rifampicin Z=Pyrazinamide E=ethambutol Lx=levofloxacin
In what situation is the TB drug regime 6 Bdq -Lfx-Cfz-Z-E-Hh-Eto / 5 Lfx-Cfz-Z-E recommended?
This is an example of an all-oral regime for MDR/RR-TB not resistant to fluoroquinolones
Bdq=bedaquiline Lx=levofloxacin Cfz= Z=Pyrazinamide E=ethambutol Hh= high dose isoniazid Eto=Ethionamide
What is the recommended treatment regime for latent TB?
3HR or 6H
H=Isoniazid R=Rifampicin
What is the standard treatment regime for fully sensitive pulmonary TB (Mycobacterium Tuberculosis)?
Standard TB treatment is
H=Isoniazid R=Rifampicin Z=Pyrazinamide E=ethambutol
