RNA

Question 1

what are the three types of RNA

Answer 1

-mRNA
-tRNA
-rRNA

Question 2

what is mRNA

Answer 2

-a copy of a gene from DNA

Question 3

where is mRNA created

Answer 3

-in the nucleus

Question 4

what does mRNA do

Answer 4

-leaves the nucleus to carry the copy of the genetic code of one gene to a ribosome in the cytoplasm

Question 5

why is mRNA shorter than DNA

Answer 5

-DNA is too large to leave the nucleus
-it would be at risk of being damaged
-so the genetic code would be destroyed permanently
-but mRNA can leave the nucleus as it can fit through nuclear pores

Question 6

why is mRNA short lived

Answer 6

-only needed temporarily to help create a protein
-by the time enzymes could have broken it down, it has carried out its function

Question 7

describe the structure of mRNA

Answer 7

-single stranded
-every 3 bases code for a specific amino acid (three bases are called codons)

Question 8

what is mRNA the length of

Answer 8

-one gene

Question 9

where is tRNA found

Answer 9

-the cytoplasm

Question 10

describe the structure of tRNA

Answer 10

-single stranded but folded
-cloverleaf shape
-held by hydrogen bonds

Question 11

describe the function of tRNA

Answer 11

-to attach to one of the 20 amino acids
-transfer the amino acid to the ribosome to create the polypeptide chain
-specific amino acids attach to specific tRNA molecules which is determined by the three complementary bases on both

Question 12

why are the three bases on tRNA called the anticodon

Answer 12

-they are complementary to the codon on mRNA

Question 13

what is rRNA

Answer 13

-the type of RNA that makes up the bulk of ribosomes
-the rest of a ribosome is made of protein