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Poli Theory > American Revolution (Q1) > Flashcards

American Revolution (Q1) Flashcards

1
Q

Declaration of Independence Inspiration

A
  • Inspired by enlightenment thinkers like Locke
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2
Q

Locken First Principle

A
  • NL happens through reason
  • Liberty, our ability to follow own will
  • Right to property and bodily autonomy
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3
Q

Thomas Jefferson

A
  • Virginia governor
  • USA diplomat to France
  • Secretary of State
  • 2nd VP of the US
  • 3rd President
  • Sally Hemmings
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4
Q

Declaration of Independence

A
  • Written as a pamphlet against King George the 3rd, not British Parliament
  • All men are equal
  • Right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
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5
Q

Right to Life

A
  • Moral standard to judge all actions
  • Right to self-ownership
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6
Q

Right to Liberty

A
  • Is the right to life and unobstructed action
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7
Q

Right to Happiness

A
  • Locke, highest form of self-interest
  • Not hedonistic pleasure
  • All other rights are sustained by this
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8
Q

Consent of Governed

A
  • All men govern themselves to protect rights
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9
Q

Locke Natural Rights

A
  • Life
  • Inheritance
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10
Q

All Men are Equal

A
  • Given rights by the creator
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11
Q

Notes/Queries on the State of Virginia 1787

A
  • Jefferson, 200 copies to inform French officials
  • Addresses slavery, never submitted
  • Argues races are not equal so we should keep slaves
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12
Q

Sally Hemmings

A
  • Was J’s slave and wife’s half-sister
  • Went with J to Paris to accompany daughter
  • Had 8 of his kids
  • Stayed enslaved for her kids freedom
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13
Q

Jefferson’s Terms

A
  • Truth
  • Reason, not assumed access
  • Nature, not extension of body
  • Inalienable rights, select class (WASPs)
  • Consent and governance, voting
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14
Q

Articles of Confederation

A
  • Codified the US government
  • Decentralized states with too much power
  • No national reserve
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15
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

-1200-4000 rebelled against confederation
- Mass was against new tax laws
- Feds couldn’t get it together

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16
Q

Economic Interests of Confed

A
  • Inequality wasn’t as severe as in Europe
  • Was due to regional differences, S wealthier
  • Led to the Federalists
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17
Q

3/5th Compromise

A
  • Slaves counted as 3/5ths of a person
  • Gave South more power even if they couldn’t vote
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18
Q

Ratification Compromise

A
  • Feds were pro, anti-feds were against
  • Competition to influence the general public
  • S pushed Bill of Rights to protect from government interference
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19
Q

Constitutional Framework

A
  • Power to one branch
  • Congress can make laws for its power
  • Shared powers and checking power
20
Q

Checks on Power

A
  • One branch over another
  • Congress can impeach Presidents
21
Q

Ambiguity

A
  • Some weird parts of the Constitution
  • Some powers are inferred
22
Q

Theory of Founders (Locke)

A
  • Locke influenced idea of consent to gov
  • Freedom and equality
  • Gov protects property as an extension of self-legislating body
  • Tacit consent
23
Q

Human Nature and Democracy

A
  • Humans are self-interested
  • Govs channel self-interest for the greater good
24
Q

Federalist Papers

A
  • 85 Essays in 4 papers (meant to be 20)
  • James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay
  • Written under ‘Publis’ in Anti-Fed NYC
25
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A
  • Born in West Indies so couldn’t be President
  • Wanted US to be in mercantile world trade
26
Q

James Madison

A
  • Wrote first Constitution and Bill of Rights draft
  • Fed 10 and 51, pro-factions
  • Issues war 1812, did not get Canada
27
Q

Federalist 9

A
  • Written by Hamilton, opposed direct democracy
    -Pro-Republicanism/Rep Dem
28
Q

Direct Democracy

A
  • All citizens partake
29
Q

Representative Democracy

A
  • You elect leaders to participate on your behalf
  • Leaders can override will of people
  • Electoral College was a check on popular power
30
Q

Hamilton’s Science of Politics

A
  • Division of powers
  • Separation of powers
  • Independent judiciary
  • Enlargement of orbit where poli revolves
  • Rep through voting
31
Q

Federalist 10

A
  • Madison factions are necessary as long as none are a majority
  • Remove cause or control effects
  • Government to control class-based faction
32
Q

Faction Causes

A
  • Liberty which cannot be taken away
  • Self-interest and own opinions which mutually reinforce
  • Sourced from unequal prop distribution and religion
33
Q

Mitigating Faction

A
  • Government does it, rep consent and protect prop
  • Political parties are factions
  • Minor and major factions
  • Different states with own interests balance out
34
Q

Minor Factions

A
  • Easy to deal with, challenge the majority, can be voted against
35
Q

Majority Factions

A
  • Problematic because they can’t be voted against
  • Regional preferences will cancel them out
36
Q

Republic

A
  • A union of discreet democracies
  • Will check misguided tyrants
37
Q

1787 Constitutional Convention

A
  • Supposed to be to amend the AoC, instead the first draft of the Constitution was presented
  • Anti-Feds were upset
38
Q

Anti-Fed Papers

A
  • Written under ‘Brutis’ because they saw Federalism as another monarchy
39
Q

NYC and Federalism

A
  • Were anti-fed because they were rich and had trade through a busy port
  • Ended up voting against
40
Q

Faction Effects

A
  • Fed 10, can only be controlled by broadening sphere of repub gov
41
Q

Federalist 51

A
  • Madison is pro separation of powers and checks and balances
  • Neutrality comes from diff factions cancelling, hence plural gov
  • Anti-Hobbes neutral arb
42
Q

Federalist 78

A
  • Hamilton, judicial review
  • Jud independence
  • Life tenure
  • Judicial review
43
Q

Judical Independence

A
  • Fed 78, judge can’t be bought/politicized
  • Need to be able to check factions
  • Loyal only to the Constitution
44
Q

Judicial Life Tenure

A
  • Fed 78, can’t be fired so they aren’t scared to act
  • Perspective on longer time span, not influenced by trends
45
Q

Judicial Review

A
  • Ensure all laws are in accordance with the Constitution
  • Judges don’t make laws, just ensure the above

Poli Theory (3 decks)

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