Periodicity INORGANIC

Question 1

What is the periodic table?

Answer 1

A list of all known elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number

Question 2

What can be determined from group number?

Answer 2

The number of electrons in the outer shell

Question 3

What can be determined from period number?

Answer 3

The outer energy level occupied by electrons

Question 4

What are the columns of a periodic table called?

Answer 4

Groups

Question 5

What are the rows of a periodic table called?

Answer 5

Period

Question 6

Where is the s block located on the periodic table?

Answer 6

Left-hand side

Question 7

Where is the p block located on the periodic table?

Answer 7

Right-hand side

Question 8

Where is the d block located on the periodic table?

Answer 8

Middle

Question 9

Where is the f block located on the periodic table?

Answer 9

Separate section at bottom

Question 10

What is meant by periodicity?

Answer 10

Study of periodic trends

Question 11

What is the equation for the reaction between sodium and oxygen?

Answer 11

4Na(s) + O₂(g) → 2Na₂O(s)

Question 12

What is the equation for the reaction between magnesium and oxygen?

Answer 12

2Mg(s) + O₂(g) → 2MgO(s)

Question 13

What is the equation for the reaction between aluminium and oxygen?

Answer 13

4Al(s) + 3O₂(g) → 2Al₂O₃(s)

Question 14

What is the equation for the reaction between silicon and oxygen?

Answer 14

Si(s) + O₂(g) → SiO₂(s)

Question 15

What is the equation for the reaction between phosphorus and oxygen?

Answer 15

4P(s) + 5O₂(g) → P₄O₁₀(s)

Question 16

What is the equation for the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

Answer 16

S(s) + O₂(g) → SO₂(g)

Question 17

What is the condition for the reaction between sodium and oxygen?

Answer 17

Heated

Question 18

What is the condition for the reaction between magnesium and oxygen?

Answer 18

Heated

Question 19

What is the condition for the reaction between aluminium and oxygen?

Answer 19

Powdered aluminium

Question 20

What are the conditions for the reaction between silicon and oxygen?

Answer 20

Powdered silicon
Heat strongly

Question 21

What is the condition for the reaction between phosphorus and oxygen?

Answer 21

Heated

Question 22

What is the condition for the reaction between sodium and oxygen?

Answer 22

Powdered sulfur heated

Question 23

What flame is produced in the reaction between sodium and oxygen?

Answer 23

Bright yellow flame

Question 24

What flame is produced in the reaction between magnesium and oxygen?

Answer 24

Bright white flame

Question 25

What flame is produced in the reaction between aluminium and oxygen?

Answer 25

Bright white flame

Question 26

What flame is produced in the reaction between silicon and oxygen?

Answer 26

Bright white sparkles

Question 27

What flame is produced in the reaction between phosphorus and oxygen?

Answer 27

Yellow or white flame

Question 28

What flame is produced in the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

Answer 28

Blue flame

Question 29

What is the product of reaction between sodium and oxygen?

Answer 29

White solid

Question 30

What is the product of reaction between magnesium and oxygen?

Answer 30

White solid

Question 31

What is the product of reaction between aluminium and oxygen?

Answer 31

White powder

Question 32

What is the product of reaction between silicon and oxygen?

Answer 32

White powder

Question 33

What is the product of reaction between phosphorus and oxygen?

Answer 33

White clouds

Question 34

What is the product of reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

Answer 34

Toxic fumes

Question 35

What is the equation for the reaction between sodium and chlorine?

Answer 35

2Na(s) + Cl₂(g) → 2NaCl(s)

Question 36

What is the equation for the reaction between magnesium and chlorine?

Answer 36

Mg(s) + Cl₂(g) → MgCl₂(s)

Question 37

What is the equation for the reaction between aluminium and chlorine?

Answer 37

2Al(s) + 3Cl₂(g) → Al₂Cl₆(s)

Question 38

What is the equation for the reaction between silicon and chlorine?

Answer 38

Si(s) + 2Cl₂(g) → SiCl₄(l)

Question 39

What is the equation for the reaction between phosphorus and chlorine?

Answer 39

2P(s) + 5Cl₂(g) → 2PCl₅(s)

Question 40

What is the condition for the reaction between sodium and chlorine?

Answer 40

Heated

Question 41

What is the condition for the reaction between magnesium and chlorine?

Answer 41

Heated

Question 42

What is the condition for the reaction between aluminum and chlorine?

Answer 42

Heated

Question 43

What is the condition for the reaction between silicon and chlorine?

Answer 43

Heated

Question 44

What are the conditions for the reaction between phosphorus and chlorine?

Answer 44

Heated Excess chlorine

Question 45

What is the equation for the reaction between sodium and water?

Answer 45

2Na (s) + 2H₂O (l) → 2NaOH (aq) + H₂ (g)

Question 46

What happens in reaction between sodium and water?

Answer 46

Sodium melts into ball and moves across water surface until disappears Hydrogen gas is given off Forms strongly alkaline solution due to sodium hydroxide formed

Question 47

What is the equation for the reaction between magnesium and water?

Answer 47

Mg (s) + 2H₂O (l) → Mg(OH)₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)

Question 48

What happens in reaction between magnesium and water?

Answer 48

Reacts extremely slowly Solution formed weakly akaline as magnesium hydroxide is only slightly soluble

Question 49

What is meant by atomic radius?

Answer 49

Distance between nucleus and outermost electron of atom

Question 50

How is atomic radius measured?

Answer 50

Measuring distance between nuclei of two atoms of same element Halving distance

Question 51

What trend is seen in atomic radius across a period?

Answer 51

Decreases

Question 52

How does atomic radius decrease across a period?

Answer 52

Number of protons and electrons increases by one each time Nucleus attracts electrons more, pulling them closer to nucleus

Question 53

What is ment by ionic radius?

Answer 53

DIstance between nucleus and outermost electron of ion

Question 54

Why does ionic radius get smaller across period 3?

Answer 54

Increased nuclear charge Less shielding

Question 55

What trend is seen in ionic radius across period 3?

Answer 55

Decreases

Question 56

What is meant by first ionisation energy?

Answer 56

The energy required to remove on mole of electrons from one mole of atoms of an element in the gaseous state to form one mole of gaseous ions

Question 57

What trend is seen in first ionisation energy across period 3?

Answer 57

General increase

Question 58

Why does first ionisation energy generally increase across period 3?

Answer 58

Nuclear charge increases Atomic radius decreases Stronger attractive forces between nucleus and outer electrons Harder to remove electrons

Question 59

What trend is seen in melting point across period 3?

Answer 59

Rises and falls

Question 60

Why does melting point increase from Na to Al?

Answer 60

Donate more electrons to sea of delocalised along period Metallic bonding gets stronger due to larger electrostatic forces

Question 61

Why does melting point decrease from P to Ar?

Answer 61

Non-metallic simple molecules Covalents bond strong but weak intermolecular forces Easy to break

Question 62

Why does Si have the highest melting point in period 3?

Answer 62

Giant molecular structure Each atom held to neighbouring by four strong covalent bonds

Question 63

What trend is seen in electrical conductivity across period 3?

Answer 63

Rises and falls

Question 64

Why does electrical conductivity increase from Na to Al?

Answer 64

Donate more electrons to sea of delocalised along period More electrons available to move through structure

Question 65

Why does electrical conductivity decrease in Si, P and S?

Answer 65

Lack of delocalised electrons