P3 - Particle Model Of Matter Flashcards
What does the state of a material depend upon?
It depends on the strength of the forces of attraction between the particles of the material,
Which is determined by the structure of the substance and type of bonds holding the particles together, the temperature and the pressure.
Describe the structure and properties of solids
Solids have strong forces of attraction between particles holding them close together in fixed positions, therefore:
- Solids have a definite shape and volume
- The particles form a regular lattice arrangement
- The particles vibrate in their positions
Liquids expand slightly when heated.
Describe the structure and properties of liquids
Particles in liquids have weak forces of attraction. They are randomly arranged and free to move but tend to stick close together.
- Liquids have a definite volume but don’t have a definite shape
- The particles move constantly with random motion
Liquids expand slightly when heated.
Describe the structure and properties of gases
Particles in gases have very weak forces of attraction, so are far apart. They’re free to move and travel in straight lines
- Gases don’t have a definite shape or volume
- The particles move constantly with random motion
Gases expand slightly when heated, or their pressure increases.
How do colliding gas particles create pressure?
How does increasing the temperature of a gas increase pressure?
What is density?
What is the equation for density?
How do you measure the density of a solid object?
How do you measure the density of a liquid?
What is internal energy?
Why is change of state a physical change (rather than a chemical change)?
It is the same substance you started with, just in a different form.
There are no new substances created.
What is sublimation?
The physical change of a substance from a solid directly to a gas, without passing through a liquid state.
What are the changes of state?
Liquid to solid = freezing or solidifying
Solid to liquid = melting
Liquid to gas = boiling or evaporating
Gas to liquid = condensing
Solid to gas = sublimating
