Mod 5: Critical Q2 Flashcards
How important is it for genetic material to be replicated exactly?
1
Q
Why is a zygote?
A
A fertiliser egg -> Replicates itself during mitosis
2
Q
Why do cells replicate?
A
- Growth & development
- Maintenance & repair
3
Q
How does cell replication assist in growth & development?
A
- New cells grow in size, which increase size of organism
- Individuals develop -> Cells become specialised
- More replications -> Specialised cells become organised into tissues -> Form organism’s body
4
Q
How does cell replication assist in maintenance & repair?
A
- Maintaining and repairing damaged tissues requires production of identical new cells to replace dead cells
- New cells produced by mitosis
5
Q
What is DNA?
A
Nucleic acid responsible for storing genetic info in cells
Contains info for growth, survival & replication
6
Q
What is the structure of DNA?
A
- 2 chains twist around to form double helix structure
- Building blocks called nucleotides
- Guanine-Cytosine, Adenine-THYMINE
7
Q
What is RNA?
A
Type of nucleic acid responsible for interpreting genetic info into proteins
8
Q
What is the structure of RNA?
A
- Nucleotides -> Contain sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous group
- Specific type of nucleotide called ribonucleotide
- Guanine-Cytosine, Adenine-URACIL
